Table 4.
Marking of sampled node with clip and imaging-guided localization.
| Variable | No. (%) |
|---|---|
| Imaging modality used to clip the node | N = 296 |
| Ultrasound | 293 (99.0%) |
| Type of clip used to mark the positive node | N = 296 |
| Direct magseed | 16 (5.4%) |
| Direct radioactive seed | 1 (0.3%) |
| Nitinol ring marker (nickel titanium alloy) | 91 (30.7%) |
| Titanium or stainless steel marker with gel | 92 (31.1%) |
| Titanium or stainless steel marker without gel | 88 (29.7%) |
| Imaging-guided localization of the clipped node: attempted | N = 296 |
| Yes | 257 (86.8%) |
| No | 39 (13.2%) |
| Imaging-guided localization of the clipped node: successful | N = 257 |
| Yes | 242 (94.2%) |
| Unsure | 7 (2.7%) |
| No | 8 (3.1%) |
| Reason for failure | N = 257 |
| Clip not visible | 6 (2.3%) |
| Wire missed target | 2 (0.8%) |
| Localization performed before surgery | 185/257 (72.0%) |
| Imaging modality used to localize the clipped node (before surgery) | |
| Ultrasound | 180 (97.3%) |
| Computed tomography | 2 (1.1%) |
| Type of localization used (before surgery) | |
| Magseed | 5 (2.7%) |
| ROLL | 52 (28.1%) |
| Radioactive seed | 21 (11.4%) |
| Tattoo | 4 (2.2%) |
| Wire | 93 (50.3%) |
| Other | 10 (5.4%) |
| Localization performed during surgery: | 72/257 (28.0%) |
| Type of localization used (during surgery) | N = 72 |
| Tattoo | 2 (2.8%) |
| Wire | 43 (59.7%) |
| Ultrasound alone | 21 (29.2%) |
| Other | 6 (8.3%) |