Figure 1.

Summary of exosome derived therapeutic effects after stroke in diabetic animals.

Diabetes exacerbates stroke induced neurological injury as well as cardiac dysfunction. Intravenously administered exosomes pass the blood-brain barrier (BBB), home to the ischemic brain and are taken up by endogenous brain cells. Exosome treatment improves neurological function as well as cardiac function after stroke via transfer of exosome content such as microRNA as well as regulation of systemic inflammatory and immune responses.