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. 2021 Sep 25;11:493. doi: 10.1038/s41398-021-01625-y

Table 2.

Means and standard deviations for the task behavioural measures (word count, number of errors, and animation index) for the TD, ASD, and ADHD participants, along with statistical results from repeated-measure ANOVAs examining main effects of the condition, group, and their interaction.

TD ASD ADHD
Word count Mean social (±std.) 28 ± 13 23 ± 15 26 ± 13
Mean random (±std.) 15 ± 9 13 ± 10 14 ± 10
Main effect of condition *F(1,193) = 308.49, p = 8.28 × 10−42: S > R
Main effect of group F(2,192) = 1.51, p = 0.22
Group-by-condition interaction F(2,197) = 2.53, p = 0.08
# Errors Mean social (±std.) 0.35 ± 0.36 0.52 ± 0.46 0.52 ± 0.40
Mean random (±std.) 0.27 ± 0.28 0.47 ± 0.42 0.56 ± 0.70
Main effect of condition F(2,197) = 0.77, p = 0.38
Main effect of group *F(2,197) = 4.90, p = 0.01: TD < ASD, ADHD
Group-by-condition interaction F(2,197) = 1.02, p = 0.36
Animation index Mean social (±std.) 2.12 ± 0.41 1.92 ± 0.57 2.14 ± 0.42
Mean random (±std.) 1.05 ± 0.42 1.06 ± 0.50 1.04 ± 0.46
Main effect of condition *F(1,198) = 582.64, p = 4.61 × 10−60: S > R
Main effect of group F(2,197) = 1.58, p = 0.21
Group-by-condition interaction *F(2,197) = 3.94, p = 0.02: S, ASD < TD, ADHD

Significant results are highlighted by an asterisk. TD typically developing, ASD autism spectrum disorder, ADHD attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, S social, R random, std standard deviation.