Table 1.

Morphological microglial phenotypes.

	Ramified	Activated	Amoeboid	Dystrophic
function	surveillance, synaptic pruning	phagocytosis, antigen presentation	phagocytosis	potential loss of functions
morphology	long ramifications, minute somata	shortened ramification, increased size of cell somata	rounded cell somata, no ramification	swelling and thinning of processes (seemingly fragmented), loss of ramification
markers	IBA1, P2RY12, TMEM119, CD74	IBA1, CD74, CD68, MHCII, ferritin	IBA1, CD74, CD68, MHCII	IBA1, CD74, TMEM119, ferritin
associated diseases	homeostatic conditions	traumatic brain injury, active lesions in MS	ICB, metastases	Alzheimer’s disease