DR	diabetic retinopathy
AMD	age-related macular degeneration
TGFβ	transforming growth factor β
CNS/PNS	central and peripheral nervous systems,
BDNF	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
NGF	nerve growth factor
NT-3	neurotrophin-3
NT-4/5	neurotrophin-4/5
TrkA–C	tropomyosin receptor kinase A–C
p75NTR	neurotrophin receptor p75
TGFβR1/2	TGFβ receptor types 1 and 2
BMP	bone morphogenetic protein
GDF	growth differentiation factors
ALK1/5	activin A receptor like type 1/5
SMAD	abbreviation refers to “small worm phenotype” (SMA) and “mother against decapentaplegic” (MAD), which are homologs of C. elegans and drosophila
ECM	extracellular matrix
MI	myocardial infraction
BAX	BCL2 Associated X, Apoptosis Regulator
BCL2	BCL2 Apoptosis Regulator
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
CAP	capsaicin
GW788388	small-molecule inhibitor of TGFβR1
BRB	blood-retinal barrier
BBB	blood-brain barrier
RPE	retinal pigment epithelium
RGC	retinal ganglion cells
CNV	choroidal neovascularization
tPA	tissue plasminogen activator
NSC	neuronal stem cells
t/pMCAO	transient or permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion
eNOS	endothelial nitric oxide synthase
ENG	endoglin