Figure 4.

Niclosamide and pyrvinium increase the abundance of E-cadherin and potentiate cell-to-cell adhesion. (A) E-cadherin protein levels of osteosarcoma cell treated with niclosamide and pyrvinium by using Western blotting. Representative images are shown from at least two independent experiments. (B) The relative E-cadherin promoter activities. E-cadherin promoter activity of wild-type and E-box mutant constructs were determined in osteosarcoma cells. Induced luciferase activity was measured. (C) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of EMT marker. The expression of EMT-related genes in MG-63 and SAOS-2 cells treated with niclosamide and pyrvinium was determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Relative mRNA expression levels were normalized to GAPDH. Quantitative RT-PCR experiments were carried out in triplicate (error bars, ±SD. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 versus DMSO).