Table 1.
Main scavenger receptors involved in atherosclerosis.
| Cell Type | Receptor | Stimulus | Function | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Macrophages | Scavenger receptor-A1 (SR-A1) | Visfatin, ox-LDL | Ox-LDL uptake, cell apoptosis, foam cell formation | [127,128,129] |
| Lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) | Ox-LDL, ER stress, modified lipoproteins, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) | Ox-LDL uptake, inhibition of macrophage migration, increase in foam cell formation | [130,131,132,133] | |
| CD 36 | Ox-LDL, ox-phospholipids, IL-34, visfatin | Ox-LDL uptake, cytokine release, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, increased in foam cell formation | [130,131,134,135] | |
| CD 68 | Ox-LDL | Ox-LDL uptake, contribution to inflammation | [136,137] | |
| CD 146 | Ox-LDL | Foam cell formation, macrophage retention | [138] | |
| TLR4 | Ox-LDL, LPS, saturated fatty acids | Mediates inflammatory response | [134,135,139] | |
| Macrophage scavenger receptor -1 (MSR-1) | Native or modified LDL (acetylated, oxidized | Ox-LDL uptake | [140,141] | |
| SMC | Scavenger receptor-A1 (SR-A1) | Phorbol esters, ROS, ox-LDL |
Ox-LDL uptake, foam cell formation | [142,143] |
| CD 36 | Free fatty acids (Oleic acid), ox-LDL | Free fatty acid and ox-LDL uptake, Foam cell formation | [144] | |
| Scavenger Receptor BI/II | Intracellular cholesterol content | Cholesterol ester uptake, apoB-containing lipoproteins | [145,146] | |
| Lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) | LPS, TNF-a, IL-1β, IFN-y, ox-LDL, shear stress |
SMC proliferation, ox-LDL uptake, foam cell formation | [131,147] |