Figure 1.

Calculated discriminating doses (%) for deltamethrin (top) and permethrin (bottom). Points show individual site/strain combinations, and data pooled by species or overall and by the insecticide. Site/strain combinations testing <3 concentrations of an insecticide and datasets that were not robust enough to calculate lethal dose matrixes were excluded. Discriminating doses were set at 2× the calculated lethal dose at which 99% (LD₉₉) of test mosquitoes were killed. The dashed red line represents the current WHO-recommended DD (0.05% deltamethrin and 0.75% permethrin). LSHTM An. stephensi data are omitted here to improve visualisation of other data points, as their calculated DDs were high. A version with this included can be found in Supplementary Material, Figure S2. Bar charts displaying mosquito mortality (%) following exposure to permethrin and deltamethrin in individual WHO tube bioassays can be found in the Supplementary Material (Figures S3 and S4).