Table 3.
Pharmacological treatments addressing both sleep disorders and somatization.
| Study Authors | Country | n | Study Aim | Treatment(s) Duration | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lewis-Hall et al. (1997) [56] |
USA | 854 | The outcome of MDD and somatization with Fluoxetine and TCAs | Fluoxetine vs TCAs, 5 weeks |
Significant reductions in somatization and insomnia for both |
| Saletu-Zyhlarz et al. (2000) [57] |
Austria | 30 | The effects of Zolpidem on insomnia and other psychiatric disorders | Zolpidem vs placebo, 1 week |
Improvement in sleep efficiency and somatic complaints |
| Saletu et al. (2005) [58] |
Austria/ Bulgaria |
11 | The effects of Trazodone on sleep disturbances | Trazodone, 1 week |
Increased slow-wave sleep and reduced arousal index |
| Han et al. (2008) [59] |
South Korea | 95 | The efficacy of Mirtazapine/Venlafaxine in SSD | Mirtazapine vs. Venlafaxine, 12 weeks |
Somatization scores decreased from baseline to endpoint for both therapies, results in favor of Mirtazapine |
| Kleinstäuber et al. (2014) [60] |
Germany | 2159 | The effects of pharmacological therapies on SSD | SSRI vs. SSRI and AP; variable, according to included studies | Low-quality evidence in favor of combined treatment for reducing the severity of somatic complaints |
TCA, tricyclic antidepressants; NGA, new-generation antidepressants; SSRI, serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors; AP, antipsychotics.