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. 2021 Sep 9;22(18):9765. doi: 10.3390/ijms22189765

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Metabolic adaptations to hypoxia. Glucose transporter1 (GLUT1), hexokinases1/2 (HK1 and HK2), enolase1 (ENO1), phosphoglycerate kinase1 (PGK1), pyruvate kinase (PKM2), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase1 (PDK1), lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA), glutamine transporters (SLC1A5 and SLC38A2), α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (α-KGDH), fatty acid synthase (FASN), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), phosphoglucomutase1 (PGM1), glycogen synthase1 (GYS1), LDL receptor (LDLR), and HDL receptor (SCARB1). Glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P), glucose-1-phosphate (G-1-P), 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG), α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), oxaloacetate (OAA), and glutathione (GSH).