Table 1.
Admission Cohort Characteristics Stratified by Sex
| Females | Males | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 1280 | n = 1346 | ||
| Median age (IQR),a y | 60 (42–76) | 59 (46–71) | .2 |
| Age distribution in strata, No. (%) | |||
| 18–49 y | 431 (34) | 413 (31) | .1 |
| 50–64 y | 300 (23) | 420 (31) | <.0001 |
| 65–74 y | 207 (16) | 269 (20) | .01 |
| >75 y | 342 (27) | 244 (18) | <.0001 |
| Admission from nursing home,b No. (%) | 193 (15) | 191 (14) | .6 |
| Insurance source,c No. (%) | .002 | ||
| Medicaid | 130 (15) | 120 (14) | .4 |
| Medicare | 368 (42) | 341 (38) | .09 |
| None | 49 (5.7) | 59 (6.7) | .4 |
| Other | 91 (11) | 151 (17) | <.001 |
| Private | 228 (26) | 216 (24) | .4 |
| Race/ethnicity,b No. (%) | .002 | ||
| Black | 504 (40) | 463 (34) | <.01 |
| White | 299 (23) | 400 (30) | <.001 |
| Hispanic | 128 (10) | 130 (9.7) | .8 |
| Other | 342 (27) | 350 (26) | .7 |
| Median BMI (IQR),a kg/m2 | 30 (25–36) | 28 (24–32) | <.001 |
| Charlson score, mean (SD)d | 1.8 (1.8) | 1.9 (1.8) | .7 |
| DNR/DNI within 24 h, No. (%) | 80 (6.2) | 61 (4.5) | .06 |
| Baseline medications with potential relevance to COVID-19 pathogenesis, No. (%) | |||
| ACE inhibitors | 114 (9.0) | 155 (12) | .03 |
| ARBs | 105 (8.3) | 100 (7.5) | .5 |
| Statins | 365 (29) | 425 (32) | .1 |
| Agents directed at COVID-19, No. (%) | |||
| Hydroxychloroquine | 187 (15) | 225 (17) | .2 |
| Remdesivir | 194 (15) | 235 (18) | .1 |
| Tocilizumab | 20 (1.6) | 74 (5.6) | <.0001 |
| Corticosteroids | 324 (26) | 317 (24) | .3 |
| Agents directed at coinfections, No. (%) | |||
| Antibiotics | 812 (64) | 884 (66) | .3 |
| Antifungals | 108 (8.5) | 97 (7.3) | .3 |
| Outcomes | |||
| Severe disease/death, No. (%) | 358 (28) | 482 (36) | <.0001 |
| Ventilated, No. (%) | 69 (5.5) | 107 (8.0) | .01 |
| Death, No. (%) | 149 (12) | 182 (14) | .2 |
| Median time to severe/death (IQR),a d | 0.84 (0.06–3.05) | 0.63 (0.02–2.76) | .04 |
| Median length of stay (IQR),a d | 5.5 (2.6–10.7) | 6.0 (2.9–11.6) | .02 |
Statistics are chi-square, except as indicated.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; DNR/DNI, do not resuscitate/do not intubate; IQR, interquartile range.
aCompared by Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
bAdmission source and race/ethnicity was available for >99% of cohort.
cInsurance source was not determined for ~30% of the cohort.
dCompared by t test.