Gene expression levels of marker genes after treatment with periodontal gels. Effect of treatment with (Gel H) and (Gel I) for 48 h on mRNA expression levels of COL1A1 (A), COL3A1 (B), ACTA2 (C), DCN (D), TGF-β1 (E), END (F), MMP-1 (G) and TIMP-1 (H) in iHGF, in the presence of LPS. Negative control (C−) was obtained from cells seeded on plastic without treatment. See Table 1 for the identification of gels used in the study. Results are expressed as % vs. Negative control that was set to 100%. Values represent the mean ± SEM (n = 6). Results were statistically compared by Kruskal-Wallis for Col1A1 and ACTA2; and by ANOVA and LSD as post hoc for Col3A1, TGF-β1, END, DCN, MMP-1 and TIMP-1: * p < 0.05 treatment vs. control, # p < 0.05 Gel I vs. Gel H.