Table 5.
Univariate and multivariate Cox regression for five-year overall survival, entire cohort.
| Overall Cohort | Univariable Cox Regression | Multivariable Cox Regression | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Hazard Rate (95% CI) | p-Value | Hazard Rate (95% CI) | p-Value | ||
| Age, years | 3033 | 1.029 (1.021–1.036) | <0.0001 | 1.019 (1.011–1.027) | <0.0001 | |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 2165 | Reference | ||||
| Female | 868 | 1.249 (1.050–1.485) | 0.012 | |||
| Geographic area | ||||||
| East | 2187 | Reference | Reference | |||
| West | 846 | 3.718 (3.137–4.406) | <0.0001 | 6.482 (5.322–7.895) | <0.0001 | |
| Year of surgery | ||||||
| 2000–2007 | 433 | Reference | ||||
| 2008–2014 | 2600 | 0.342 (0.281–0.415) | <0.0001 | |||
| Body mass index (BMI) | 3033 | 1.027 (1.004–1.050) | 0.021 | |||
| ASA score | ||||||
| I | 1508 | Reference | Reference | |||
| II | 1211 | 1.674 (1.413–1.982) | <0.0001 | 1.273 (1.065–1.521) | 0.008 | |
| III | 314 | 2.387 (1.789–3.184) | <0.0001 | 1.338 (0.980–1.827) | 0.067 | |
| Operative time | 3033 | 1.002 (1.001–1.003) | <0.0001 | |||
| Surgical approach | ||||||
| Open | 1221 | Reference | ||||
| Laparoscopic | 1812 | 0.426 (0.363–0.500) | <0.0001 | |||
| Length of hospital stay | 3033 | 1.010 (1.001–1.018) | 0.012 | |||
| Type of resection | ||||||
| Distal gastrectomy | 1365 | Reference | ||||
| Total gastrectomy | 1668 | 2.011 (1.685–2.400) | <0.0001 | |||
| Tumor location | ||||||
| Upper third | 894 | Reference | Reference | |||
| Middle third | 819 | 0.968 (0.798–1.174) | 0.740 | 0.859 (0.707–1.045) | 0.129 | |
| Distal third | 1320 | 0.519 (0.427–0.632) | <0.0001 | 0.772 (0.633–0.941) | 0.011 | |
| N. harvested lymph nodes | 3033 | 1.009 (1.003–1.015) | 0.003 | |||
| Margin status | ||||||
| Free | 2939 | Reference | ||||
| Infiltrated | 94 | 3.072 (2.192–4.306) | <0.0001 | |||
| pTNM stage, 8th edition | ||||||
| IIIC | 394 | Reference | Reference | |||
| IIIB | 547 | 0.809 (0.651–1.006) | 0.056 | 0.810 (0.604–1.805) | 0.157 | |
| IIIA | 540 | 0.657 (0.521–0.827) | <0.0001 | 0.645 (0.454–0.916) | 0.014 | |
| IIB | 357 | 0.305 (0.217–0.429) | <0.0001 | 0.282 (0.179–0.443) | <0.0001 | |
| IIA | 352 | 0.345 (0.248–0.480) | <0.0001 | 0.261 (0.165–0.412) | <0.0001 | |
| IB | 286 | 0.258 (0.173–0.386) | <0.0001 | 0.171 (0.102–0.288) | <0.0001 | |
| IA | 557 | 0.073 (0.045–0.118) | <0.0001 | 0.057 (0.032–0.102) | 0.0004 | |
| N. of metastatic lymph nodes | 3111 | 1.040 (1.034–1.045) | 0.039 | <0.0001 | 1.018 (1.006–1.030) | 0.004 |
| Histology, n (%) | ||||||
| Tubular, Well-diff. (tub1) | 1596 | Reference | ||||
| Tubular, mod. diff. (tub2) | 368 | 3.331 (2.541–4.367) | <0.0001 | |||
| Papillary (pap) | 51 | 1.535 (0.840–2.805) | 0.163 | |||
| Mucinous (muc) | 236 | 1.422 (1.062–1.905) | 0.018 | |||
| Signet ring cell (sig) | 484 | 1.801 (1.452–2.235) | <0.0001 | |||
| Poorly diff. solid/non-solid (por1/2) * | ||||||
| Undifferentiated | 275 | 4.573 (3.481–6.008) | <0.0001 | |||
| carcinoma | 23 | 3.907 (1.933–7.897) | <0.0001 | |||
N: number of patients; CI: confidence interval; B: beta coefficient; * poorly differentiated: non-solid type (por2) only 10 patients.