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Modulation of synaptic plasticity by cholinergic agonists. Induction of long-term depression (LTD) stimulates α7 nAChR, which, in turn, inhibits LTD (solid line arrows). Nicotine application releases the inhibition and increases LTD (dash line arrows). Long-term potentiation (LTP) can be induced by the endogenous release of ACh through homomeric α7 nAChRs or by nicotine through β2-containing heteromeric nAChRs.
