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. 2021 Sep 21;22(18):10165. doi: 10.3390/ijms221810165

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Indirect plant-growth promotion via biocontrol of phytopathogens. (A) Side showing directly biocontrol potential against fungal pathogens. (I) Rhizoctonia solani, the pathogen of rice sheath blight (RSB); (II) Fusarium oxysporum, the causal agent of rice sheath rot and seedling rot; (III) Alternaria alternate, causal agent of leaf spots and blight in several plant parts; and (IV) Botrytis cinerea, causal agent of several horticulture crops which are responsible for casing botrytis bunch rot (BBR). (B) Side showing indirect or direct factor role of beneficial bacteria for growth promotion by competing against phytopathogens in several ways, as shown in the figure. The figure was created by using BioRender.