Table 7.

Microwave-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from plant biomass.

Plant Source	MAE Protocols	Remark	Reference
Terminalia bellerica	100 °C, 40 mL/g, solvent-solid ratio in water	Maximum flavonoid yield (25.21 mg/g) with water with 82.74% recovery as compared with 63.75% in conventional methods	[150]
Citrus unshiu fruit peel	140 °C, 1 kW, 2.45 GHz, 8 min in 70% ethanol	47.7 mg/g hesperidin (86.8% higher yield)	[151]
Dragon fruit peel	100 W, 35 °C, 8 min	9 mg/L betalains (food additive, stable at broad pH and stable at low acidic food)	[152]
Chokeberries	300 W, 53.6% ethanol, 5 min	The highest yield of phenolic compounds (420.1 mg GAE/100 g)	[153]
Passion fruit skin peel	628 W, 9 min	Tartaric acid as best extracting agent for pectin, acetic acid, and nitric acid as agents for pectin extraction with better properties	[154]
Citrullus lanatus fruit rind	477 W, 128 s, solvent-solute ratio 1:20, 20.3 g/mL	Highest pectin yield (25.79%), hydrodiffusion microwave as the green and efficient extraction process	[155]
Boldo leaves	200 W, 56 min, 7.5% solid-solvent ratio	Efficient extraction of volatile and non-volatile organic compounds	[156]