Table 1.
Cardioprotective effects of resveratrol: relevant randomized human clinical trials and meta-analyses.
| Area of Interest | Study Authors | Date | Type of Study | Study Design | Dose and Treatment Period of Resveratrol | Summary of Main Findings | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atherosclerosis and Risk Factors | |||||||
| Lipid profile | Magyar et el. | 2012 | RCT | 40 patients with CAD | 10 mg daily for 3 months | RES significantly decreased LDL-cholesterol levels, but no significant effect was detected on other lipid parameters | [143] |
| DM | Bhatt et al. | 2012 | RCT | 62 patients with DM | 250 mg daily for 3 months | RES improved glycaemic control | [153] |
| Atherosclerosis | Agarwal et al. | 2013 | RCT | 44 healthy people | 400 mg daily for 30 days | RES significantly decreased IL-8, ICAM, VCAM levels. RES may have protective effects against development of atherosclerosis in low-CV-risk individuals |
[130] |
| Metabolic status | Hoseini et al. | 2019 | RCT | 56 patients with CAD and DM | 500 mg daily for 4 weeks | RES had beneficial effects on HDL-cholesterol levels, total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio, and glycemic control | [138] |
| Lipid profile | Simental-Mendia et al. | 2019 | RCT | 71 patients with newly diagnosed dyslipidemia | 100 mg daily for 2 months | RES significantly reduced total cholesterol level | [139] |
| Lipid profile | Gal et al. | 2020 | RCT | 60 patients with HFrEF | 100 mg daily for 3 months | RES significantly reduced total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels | [71] |
| Lipid profile | Bo et al. | 2016 | RCT | 120 patients with DM | 500 mg daily for 24 weeks | Total cholesterol level increased significantly, but LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride level did not change significantly in RES group |
[144] |
| Lipid profile | Asgary et el. | 2019 | Meta-analysis | 396 subjects | 100–3000 mg daily | RES did not significantly affect TC level, but HDL-C level could be increased | [145] |
| Vascular Function and Hypertension | |||||||
| Blood pressure | Timmers et al. | 2011 | RCT | 11 healthy, obese men | 150 mg daily for 30 days | RES significantly reduced systolic blood pressure | [153] |
| Blood pressure | Bhatt et al. | 2012 | RCT | 62 patients with type 2 DM | 250 mg daily for 3 months | RES improved systolic blood pressure | [154] |
| Blood pressure | Liu et al. | 2015 | Meta-analysis | 247 subjects | more than 150 mg daily | RES significantly decreased systolic blood pressure level | [157] |
| Blood pressure | Fogacci et al. | 2018 | Meta-analysis | 681 obese subjects | more than 300 mg daily | RES significantly decreased the systolic blood pressure | [158] |
| Endothelial function | Wong et al. | 2011 | RCT | 19 overweight men or postmenopausal women with hypertension | single dose (270 mg) | RES significantly increased the FMD after acute supplementation | [160] |
| Endothelial function | Magyar et el. | 2012 | RCT | 40 patients with CAD | 10 mg daily for 3 months | RES induced significant improvement of FMD | [143] |
| Endothelial function | Marques et al. | 2018 | RCT | 24 subjects with hypertension | single dose (300 mg) | RES significantly increased the FMD in women after acute supplementation | [161] |
| Arterial stiffness | Imamura et al. | 2017 | RCT | 50 patients with type 2 DM | 100 mg daily for 12 weeks | RES supplementation may improve arterial stiffness | [155] |
| Heart Failure | |||||||
| Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction | Gal et al. | 2020 | RCT | 60 patients with HFrEF | 100 mg daily for 3 months | RES improved several parameters of heart function (systolic and diastolic function) as well as cardiac biomarker levels, exercise tolerance, and QoL | [71] |