Table 2.

Results Table.

References (Include Author and Citation #)	Country of Study	Study Aims	Study Design	Diagnoses/Outcome Measures	Main Findings
Adamis et al. [27] Abstract 2012	Greece	To assess after a wildfire how psychopathology may evolve longitudinally, 3 years after.	Comparative Cross-sectional Study	The measured variable was psychological distress, using the SCL-90-R.	Psychological distress was significantly lower 3 years post-wildfire compared to 6 months post, but victims of the disaster continued to have higher scores on the SCL-90-R.
Adamis et al. [28] Abstract 2012	Greece	To assess quality of life of adults living in a rural area impacted by a wildfire, 3 years prior.	Cross-sectional Study	The measured variables were quality of life, as assessed on the WHOQOL-BREF.	Multivariable analysis indicated that victims had a statistically significant poorer quality of life, with respect to the environmental health domain.
Adamis et al. [29] Abstract 2011	Greece	To examine risk factors and psychiatric outcomes.	Comparative Cross-sectional Study	The measured variable was psychological distress, using the SCL-90-R.	Victims of the wildfire had significantly higher scores for symptoms, had a greater number of symptoms (PST), and were more distressed by them (GSI).
Afifi et al. [30] 2012	United States	To analyze the impact of uncertainty secondary to experiencing natural disasters on mental health, and to investigate the role of communal coping	Cross-sectional Study	Measures included the MHI-5, rating personal feelings of uncertainty, and a measure for communal coping.	Residents who were evacuated experienced greater uncertainty regarding their home. In those evacuated, communal coping had a moderating role for uncertainty.
Agyapong et al. [31] 2018	Canada	To examine the prevalence rate and risk factors for GAD 6 months after a wildfire.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the GAD-7, the AUDIT, the DUDIT, and the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence.	The one month prevalence rate for GAD was 19.8%, and between 7 and 14% had scores indicative of a substance use disorder.
Agyapong et al. [32] 2020	Canada	To evaluate prevalence rates for likely PTSD, MDD, and GAD 18 months after a wildfire.	Cross-sectional Study	Outcome measures included the PHQ-9, GAD-7, PCL-5, the AUDIT, and the DUDIT.	The 1 month prevalence rates for likely MDD, GAD, and PTSD were 18.3, 15.7, and 10.2%, respectively. While, 11.2% of participants reported symptoms of high-risk drinking and/or problematic drug use.
Agyapong et al. [33] Oral Communications- Abstract 2018	Canada	To evaluate the prevalence rate and risk factors for MDD 6 months after a wildfire.	Cross-Sectional Study	The PHQ-9 was used to evaluate for MDD.	The one month prevalence rate for likely MDD was 14.8% (10.4% for males, and 17.1% for females).
Agyapong et al. [34] 2019	Canada	To evaluate the prevalence rate and risk factors for PTSD 6 months after a wildfire.	Cross-sectional Study	Outcome measures included part 3 of the PCL-5, AUDIT, DUDIT, and Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence.	12.8% of respondents (14.9% of females and 8.7% of males) met criteria for PTSD. Those with PTSD reported increased drug use.
Belleville et al. [35] Abstract 2019	Canada	To study a tool for supporting resilience and improving sleep after a wildfire.	Randomized Controlled Trial	Measures for symptoms of post-traumatic stress, depression, and insomnia.	Analyses revealed a significant improvement in post-traumatic stress, depression, and insomnia symptoms in the treatment group.
Belleville et al. [36] 2019	Canada	To evaluate psychological symptoms 3 months after a wildfire.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the PCL-5, the PHQ-9, Insomnia Severity Index, PSQI-A, PTCI, and WCQ.	Approximately 60% of participants had post-traumatic stress, 33.1% MDD, 27.0% for anxiety disorders other than panic, 17.4% for panic disorder, and 17.1% for alcohol abuse disorder.
Binet et al. [37] 2021	Canada	To determine if mental health service utilization post-wildfire differed by gender.	Cross-sectional Study	Outcome measures included the Perceived Need for Care Questionnaire, PCL-5, PHQ-9, and the Insomnia Severity Index.	From survey measures, 50.2% had a probable diagnosis of PTSD, 58.5% a probable diagnosis of MDD, and 57.4% a probable diagnosis of insomnia. Female gender was a statistically significant predictor of receiving mental health services.
Block et al. [38] 2019	Australia	To evaluate how the natural environment can be part of personal recovery after a wildfire.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included self report of environmental attachment, the K6, the PCL, the PHQ-9, the CD-RISC, and the short-form for post-traumatic growth inventory.	Those with a weak attachment to the environment had higher scores of psychological distress, fire-related PTSD, and MDD symptoms, and lower levels of resiliency.
Brown et al. [17] 2019	Canada	To investigate how youth mental health is impacted 18 months after a wildfire.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the CPSS, PQH-A, the HADS, the CRAFFT, Tobacco Use Questionnaire, the RSE, the Kidscreen Questionnaire, and the Child and Youth Resilience Measure.	A total of 37% of the students met criteria for probable PTSD, 31% for probable depression, and 27% for probable anxiety. Students classified as high resilience had lower scores on all the mental health disorder screens and higher self-esteem and quality of life scores.
Brown et al. [39] 2019	Canada	To assess the impact of a wildfire disaster on adolescent mental health.	Comparative Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the PHQ-A, the HADS, the CRAFFT Questionnaire, the Tobacco Use Questionnaire, the RSE, the Kidscreen Questionnaire, and the CPSS.	In the wildfire exposure group, adolescents had higher depression and anxiety scores and rates of probable depression. While, 37% of the students met criteria for probable PTSD.
Bryant et al. [22] 2020	Australia	To examine the long-term psychological outcomes 10 years after a wildfire.	Cohort Study	Outcome measures included the PCL-5, PHQ-9, K6, and the AUDIT-C.	In the high-impact group, the rate of probable PTSD was 16.8% and MDE was 9.8%. The likelihood of developing any disorder was higher in the heavy drinking category than those who did not meet criteria, 29.2% versus 17.3%.
Bryant et al. [26] 2014	Australia	To investigate the prevalence and predictors of psychological outcomes 3–4 years after a wildfire.	Cohort Study	Outcome measures included the abbreviated version of PCL-5, PHQ-9, K6 scale, and an abbreviated AUDIT.	Among the high impact group, 15.6% had probable wildfire related PTSD, 12.9% had probable MDD, and 24.7% had rates of heavy drinking.
Bryant et al. [40] 2017	Australia	To examine how separation from an attachment figure as a child during a trauma can influence long-term attachment styles and future psychopathology.	Comparative Cohort Study	Outcome measures included parental presence during the wildfire, Experiences in Close Relationships scale, and the PCL-5.	Children exposed to bushfires and children separated from their parents during that time had higher scores on the avoidant attachment scale as adults. An avoidant attachment style was positively associated with PTSD symptoms.
Bryant et al. [41] 2017	Australia	To examine how social connections between survivors of a disaster are linked to mental health outcomes.	Cohort Study	Outcome measures included social support questions, the PCL-5, and the PHQ-9.	Analyses found that identifying social support was associated with less depression, and being nominated by others as a support was associated with less PTSD.
Bryant et al. [42] 2018	Australia	To examine the changing prevalence and predictors of psychological outcomes in communities 5 years post-wildfire.	Cohort Study	Outcome measures included the abbreviated PCL-5, PHQ-9, the K6, and the AUDIT-C.	In the high-impact group, the rate of probable fire-related PTSD was 10.9%, general PTSD was 18.7%, MDE was 10.9%, and heavy alcohol use was 23.2%.
Byrne et al. [43] 2006	Australia	To determine the prevalence and risk factors for vicarious traumatization post-wildfire.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcomes included IES, Vicarious Traumatization Questionnaire, and Coping Strategies Indicator.	Demographic factors were not found to be significant risk factors for vicarious traumatization.
Caamano-Isorna et al. [44] 2011	Spain	To analyze the impact of a wildfire on respiratory systems and mental health.	Cohort Study	Outcome of interest was the drug dispensing rates for anxiolytics/hypnotics and drugs for obstructive airway disease 12 months before and after the wildfires.	Male non-pensioners saw a relative increase of 12.2% and male pensioners of 15.88% in the defined daily doses for anxiolytics and hypnotics.
Camilleri et al. [45] 2010	Australia	To evaluate the impact of a wildfire on current health and wellbeing.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included K10 and a survey on perceived wellbeing	A total of 39% reported their lives were more difficult after the bushfire. While, 19.5% were found to have high to very high rates of psychological distress.
Cherry and Haynes [14] 2017	Canada	To examine how a wildfire impacted mental and physical health.	Cohort Study	Outcome measures included the HADS.	It was reported that 16.7% of those evacuated had scores indicative of moderate to severe anxiety or depression
Clayer et al. [13] 1985	Australia	To evaluate immediate and long-term health effects 12 months after a wildfire.	Comparative Cross-Sectional Study	The outcome was evaluated on the GHQ.	Rates of alcoholism and drug problems approximately tripled pre-bushfire to post. Mental illness increased from 0.79% pre-bushfire to 3.01% post-bushfire.
Cowlishaw et al. [46] 2021	Australia	To examine rates of significant anger problems following a bushfire and how this relates to mental health.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the DAR-5, PCL-4, PHQ-9, and the K6.	Among those with anger problems, 58.6% had probable PTSD, 43.2% had probable depression, and 34.5% had K6 scores indicative of severe mental illness.
Felix et al. [47] 2015	United States	To study post-traumatic growth and coping mechanisms in parents and youth following a wildfire.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included a scale to assess fire-related stress, the PTGI-SF, the MHI-5, the PFS, and the CERQ-Short Form.	Use of positive reappraisal coping techniques was associated with greater post-traumatic growth in youth and approached significance in parents.
Forbes et al. [48] 2015	Australia	To examine how anger and patient factors can impact mental health outcomes following a wildfire.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the PCL-5, the PHQ-9, the AUDIT, and the AAQ.	Analyses showed significant indirect effects for anger and stressful life events on mental health outcomes.
Gallagher et al. [49] 2019	Australia	To examine how voluntary group involvement can impact post-disaster mental health.	Cohort Study	Outcome measures included group involvement, the PCL-C, and the PHQ-9.	Curvilinear relationship between group involvement and PTSD at both times of follow-up but no significant relationship with depression.
Gallagher et al. [50] 2017	Australia	To examine how attachment styles influence depression and PTSD following a wildfire.	Cross-Sectional Study	Heterosexual couples were surveyed regarding their PTSD and depression symptoms and attachment styles.	Male partners with avoidant attachment styles were associated with depression and PTSD symptoms in both partners. Female partners with avoidant attachment styles were associated with more PTSD and depression symptoms in themselves.
Gallagher et al. [51] 2016	Australia	To evaluate if separation from family peri-wildfire disaster modifies the relationship between attachment style and mental health outcomes.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included separation status, the ECR, the PHQ-9, and the PCL-5.	Separation from loved ones during the fire was associated with higher PTSD symptoms but not depression symptoms. There was an association between attachment anxiety and depression.
Hashoul-Andary et al. [52] 2016	Israel	To study the relationship between anxiety sensitivity, distress tolerance, and psychopathology post-trauma.	Cohort Study	Outcome measures included the ASI, DTS, PDS, the IDAS, and the Panic Attack Questionnaire-short form.	The 1-month levels of emotional avoidance and distress predicted the emotional distress intolerance and degree of distress at 3 months. The level of emotional distress intolerance at 3 months strongly predicted the degree of distress post-trauma at 6 months.
Hertz-Picciotto, I [53] Abstract 2020	United States	To study children and adolescents’ mental health 6 months post-wildfire.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included changes in depressive mood, anxiety, and sleep symptoms.	A total of 21.7% of children and 28.7% of adolescents had changes in 3 or more behaviours or symptoms.
Ho et al. [55] 2014	Singapore	To study the acute physical and psychological symptoms during seasonal haze.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included personal views on what is considered to be a dangerous PSI value, physical symptoms, and the IES-R.	Respondents who perceived lower PSI values as dangerous were more likely to be experiencing more physical symptoms or have higher IES-R scores.
Hooper et al. [54] 2018	Australia	To study how post-traumatic symptoms, coping strategies, and post-traumatic growth are related.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the IES-R, the Brief COPE Inventory, and the PTGI.	Greater post-traumatic symptoms and post-traumatic growth were associated with the utilization of avoidant, problem-focused, and emotion-focused coping strategies.
Jones et al. [16] 2002	United States	To study psychosocial functioning and short-term mental health consequences in children 6 weeks after a wildfire.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures were obtained from the DICA-R. Self-report measures included the IES, the STAI-C, and the FQ-C. Parents received the PTSD component of the DIS and the IES.	There was an average of 5 PTSD symptoms reported by children in the high loss (HL) group, and 4.2 in the low loss (LL) group. Participants of the HL group had an average score of 39.9 on the IES, and 23.4 in the LL group. There was no significant association between symptoms among parent and child pairs.
Jones et al. [56] 1994	United States	To examine short-term consequences of a wildfire on mental health in children and adolescents.	Comparative Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures were obtained from the DICA-R, the IES, and the FQ-C.	Victims met an average of 2.8 out of 5 PTSD criteria and control participants met an average of 1.6 criteria.
Jones et al. [78] 2003	United States	To examine the rates of PTSD, depression, and anxiety post-wildfire.	Comparative Cohort Study	The initial follow-up outcome measures included the PTSD module DIS, the IES, the BDI, FQ-A, and the STAI. The second follow-up outcome measures included the DIS, the IES, and the FQ-A.	At the first point of follow-up, the victim group had significantly higher scores for PTSD and depression. At the second point of follow-up, the victim group had a significant decline in total score and intrusive psychological symptoms on the IES.
Kirsch et al. [20] 2016	United States	To study longitudinal disaster recovery following a wildfire.	Cohort Study	Outcome measures were obtained from CASPER assessments designed for the study, and the mental health questions were based on the CDC BRFSS.	At initial point of follow-up, 54.8% of adults reported someone in the household experiencing depressed mood or hopelessness and sleeping problems. At the second point of follow-up, property damage resulted in a 19.3% greater likelihood of depression and/or hopelessness.
Marshall et al. [57] 2007	United States	To evaluate the prevalence of PTSD and MDD among individuals who had sought disaster relief from a wildfire 3 months prior.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the PCL-5 and the PHQ-9.	A total of 24% had probable PTSD and 33% had probable MDD.
Mcdermott and Palmer [19] 1999	Australia	To identify students experiencing significant emotional distress and depression after a wildfire and provide interventions.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the IES, the RMA, and the BDS.	A reported 12% of students were experiencing moderate-severe emotional distress symptoms, 4.7% had symptoms of depressive illness, and 14.1% had symptoms of high-trait anxiety.
McDermott et al. [58] 2005	Australia	To identify children and adolescents who require mental health support and interventions after experiencing a wildfire.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the PTSD-RI and the SDQ.	A reported 12.1% had moderate PTSD, and 9.0% had severe–very severe PTSD. There were significantly higher scores in the primary grades (4–6), then junior or senior grades (7–12).
Mcdermott and Palmer [59] 2002	Australia	To study depression and emotional distress in children and adolescents post-wildfire and association with developmental stage.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the IES, the RMA, and the BDS.	Multivariate analyses suggested that the IES score, the RMA score, grade at school, and experiencing evacuation significantly predicted the BDS index. BDS scores were lowest in middle grades. Adjusted emotional distress scores were lowest in the lower and high grades.
McFarlane et al. [18] 1987	Australia	To perform a longitudinal assessment of children, examining the evolution of psychological morbidity after a wildfire.	Comparative Cohort Study	Outcome measures obtained via parent and teacher administered Rutter Questionnaires.	From teacher questionnaires, the caseness rate at 2, 8, and 26 months was 1.8%, 6.5%, and 12%, respectively. There were variable results in comparison to the control group.
McFarlane and Van Hooff [23] 2009	Australia	To examine the rate of PTSD and other psychological disorders in adults who had experienced a wildfire during childhood.	Comparative Cohort Study	Outcome measures included the CDI, the AUDIT, and the IES-R.	A total of 36.7% of the bush-fire exposed participants and 31.7% of the controls met criteria for DSM-IV disorder in their lifetime. When DSM diagnoses were analyzed, the only one more significantly prevalent in the exposed group was lifetime history of specific phobia.
McFarlane et al. [60] 1997	Australia	To examine the prevalence of mental health problems following a bushfire.	Comparative Cohort Study	Outcome measures included the 28 item GHQ. The second part of the study involved a subset of victims. Outcome measures included the GHQ and the DIS.	From the first follow-up, the mean GHQ score was 5.6, and 42% met criteria as possible psychiatric cases. At the second point of follow-up, 23% of the surveyed victims met criteria for psychiatric caseness.
McFarlane [79] 1987	Australia	To examine post-traumatic symptoms and pathology in children following a wildfire.	Cohort Study	Outcome measures were obtained from Rutter Parent and Teacher Questionnaires.	The post-traumatic phenomena did not decrease in children from 8 to 26 months post-bushfire. There was significant correlation between the 2 month teacher symptom score and the 26 month scores. There was no 1:1 relationship between post-traumatic phenomena and psychological disorder.
Mellon et al. [61] 2009	Greece	To assess the relationship between an external locus of control and levels of psychopathology.	Comparative Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures were the Brown Locus of Control scale and the SCL-90-R.	Participants who resided in the wildfire impacted area had a higher external locus of control views and higher global levels of psychopathology (GSI). There was a statistically significant correlation between levels of external locus of control and psychopathology in those with greater trauma.
Molyneaux et al. [62] 2020	Australia	To study rates of interpersonal violence amongst communities impacted by a wildfire and the relationship with mental health.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included participant experience of violence, the PCL-5, the PHQ-9, and the AUDIT-C.	There were more reports of experiencing violence in high-impact regions versus medium and low, 7.4% versus 0–1%. Experiencing violence predicted increased symptoms of depression and PTSD symptoms among women but not men.
Moore et al. [63] 2006	Canada	To examine if increases in particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) created by wildfires were linked to changes in physician visits.	Cohort Study	Outcome measures included PM2.5, PM10 levels and physician billing for visits related to respiratory cardiovascular and mental health disorders.	There was no significant difference in weekly rates for physician visits for respiratory or cardiovascular diseases or mental health disorders during the time of worsening air quality
Moosavi et al. [64] 2019	Canada	To assess the prevalence rates of likely PTSD, MDD, and GAD in patients of an after-hours family medicine clinic 18 months post-wildfire.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the PCL-5, the PHQ-9, and the GAD-7.	The rate for likely PTSD, MDD, and GAD was 13.6%, 24.8%, and 18.0%, respectively.
Papadatou et al. [65] 2012	Greece	To examine rates and risk factors for PTSD and depression in adolescents who had experienced a wildfire 6 months prior.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the WEQ, CRIES-13, the DSRS, and the Kidcope-Adolescent Version.	Depression and PTSD symptom scores differed between boys and girls. While, 29.4% of adolescents reported symptoms above the cutoff score for PTSD, and 20% for depression.
Papanikolaou et al. [66] 2011	Greece	To examine the psychological distress and morbidity following a wildfire.	Comparative Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the SCL-90-R.	The victim group had significantly higher symptom scores in somatization, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, obsession, and paranoia. There was a 43.6% case rate in the victim group, and 29.8% in the control group.
Papanikolaou et al. [67] 2011	Greece	To examine the psychological status and personal perceptions of a population impacted by a wildfire.	Comparative Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the SCL-90-R.	The fire exposure group had significantly higher scores on 7 out of 9 of the primary scales in the SCL-90-R, and on the Global Severity Index and Positive Symptom Total.
Parslow and Jorm [68] 2006	Australia	To determine the extent that tobacco use is impacted by a traumatic experience and symptoms of PTSD.	Cohort Study	Participants answered questions about wildfire experience, tobacco use, and completed the TSQ.	A reported 5% of participants screened positive for PTSD. In the regression analysis, increased levels of smoking were associated with a higher number of fire-related experiences but not PTSD symptoms.
Parslow et al. [69] 2006	Australia	To study risk factors for PTSD following a wildfire.	Cohort Study	Initial outcome measures included the GADS and the short form of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. At the second point of follow-up, participants also completed the TSQ.	A total of 5% of participants after the wildfire met criteria for PTSD. Overall, 6 variables were strongly associated with PTSD symptoms, female gender, fewer years of education, prior history of depression or anxiety, evacuation, injury or death of a loved one from the fire, and the degree of peritraumatic emotions.
Psarros et al. [70] 2017	Greece	To examine the relationship between insomnia and PTSD one month after a wildfire.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the SCL-90-R and the Athens Insomnia Scale.	A reported 46.7% met criteria for PTSD. Insomnia rates were higher in those with PTSD, at 79.1% versus 49% of those without.
Ritchie et al. [71] 2020	Canada	To study the prevalence of PTSD, GAD, and MDD in college students 18 months after experiencing a wildfire.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the PHQ-9, GAD-7, the PCL-5, the AUDIT, and the DUDIT.	The one month prevalence rate for likely MDD, GAD, and PTSD was 23.4%, 18.7%, and 11.0%, respectively. It was found that 15.5%, 13.5%, and 4.4% of participants screened positive for high risk drinking, problematic drug use, and moderate to high nicotine dependence.
Scher and Ellwanger [72] 2009	United States	To examine potential risk and protective factors for post-disaster adjustment and pathology.	Cohort Study	Two time-points of follow-up. Outcome measures included the FIQ, PTCI, BAI, BDI-II, and the PILL.	At the first point of follow-up, analyses found that female gender and negative fire-related cognitions were associated with increased anxiety symptoms. Increased negative fire-relation cognitions were associated with increased depression symptoms.
Silveira et al. [73] 2021	United States	To study mental health consequences and associated risk factors after a wildfire.	Comparative Cross-Sectional Study	Outcomes were assessed using the PCL-5, the PHQ-9, and the GAD-7.	PCL-5 scores were significantly higher for those directly exposed. PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores were higher in those directly or indirectly exposed vs. not exposed.
Tally et al. [74] 2013	United States	To assess the impact of a wildfire on patients who utilized the public mental healthcare system.	Cross-Sectional Study	A regularly scheduled survey post-wildfire contained additional questions on the impact of the wildfires, evacuation status, and need for additional services.	A reported 18.1% of evacuees sought additional mental health services, compared to 8% of individuals who did not evacuate the area despite living in an evacuation zone, and 2.1% of those who lived in non-evacuation areas. Analyses revealed that the act of evacuation was significant for all 8 fire impact questions.
Verstraeten et al. [75] 2020	Canada	To assess the development of PTSD-like symptoms in perinatal women following exposure to a wildfire and protective factors.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the IES-R, the PDI, the PDEQ, the short-form SSQ, and the CD-RISC.	A total of 26% qualified for probable PTSD. Both peritraumatic distress and dissociative experience scores were positively associated with post-traumatic symptoms. Analyses found only social support satisfaction had a moderating effect on the relationship between peritraumatic distress (when it was not significantly high) and post-traumatic symptom scores.
Yelland et al. [76] 2010	Australia	To examine if wildfire disaster exposure variables or child demographics are associated with the severity of PTSD symptoms in youth.	Cross-Sectional Study	Outcome measures included the PTSD-RI-R and bushfire impact/experience questionnaire.	Average PTSD symptom score was 18.41; 17% had symptoms in the moderate range and 10% in the severe–very severe range. In analysis, relevant risk factors were perceived threat to life, ongoing loss or disruption in life, and younger age.
Zeller et al. [77] 2015	Israel	To explore the relationship between self-compassion and trauma-related psychopathology.	Cohort Study	Outcome measures included the SCS, the IDAS, the MAAS, and the Carmel Trauma Questionnaire.	Self-compassion did not have an impact on overall wellbeing post-wildfire. Higher levels of self-compassion were associated with lower levels of depression at all 3 time-points and anxiety at 3 and 6 months.

Abbreviations: Acronyms: SCL-90-R: The Symptom Checklist-90-Revised instrument; PST: Positive Symptom Total; GSI: Global Severity Index; WHOQOL-BREF: Abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life; MHI-5: Mental Health Inventory; GAD: Generalized Anxiety Disorder; GAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; AUDIT: Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test; DUDIT: Drug Use Disorder Identification Test; MDD: Major Depressive Disorder; PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire; PTSD: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; PCL-5: PTSD Checklist for DSM 5; PSQI-A: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and its Addendum for PTSD; PTCI: Post-Traumatic Cognitions Inventory; WCQ: Ways of Coping Questionnaire; K6: Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-6; CD-RISC: the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale; CPSS: Child PTSD Symptom Scale; PHQ-A: The Patient Health Questionnaire Adolescent Version; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; CRAFFT Questionnaire: Car, Relax, Alone, Forget, Friends, Trouble; RSE: Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; AUDIT-C: Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Consumption; MDE: Major Depressive Episode; IES: Impact of Events Scale; K10: Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-10; GHQ: General Health Questionnaire; DAR-5: Dimensions of Anger Reactions Scale-5; PCL-4: the four-item version of the PTSD Checklist; PTGI-SF: Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Short form; PFS: Protective Factor Survey; CERQ-Short Form: Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire; AAQ: Anger Attacks Questionnaire; ECR- Experiences in Close Relationships; PCL-C: the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version; ASI: Anxiety Sensitivity Index, DTS: Distress Tolerance Scale; PDS: Post-Traumatic Diagnostic Scale; IDAS: Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms; PSI: Pounds per square inch; IES-R: Impact of Events Scale-Revised; COPE: Coping Orientations to Problems Experienced; PTGI: Posttraumatic Growth Inventory; DICA-R: Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-revised; FQ-C: Fire Questionnaire-Child Form; STAI-C: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children; DIS: Diagnostic Interview Schedule; BDI: Beck Depression Inventory; FQ-A: Fire Questionnaire-Adult Form; STAI: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; CASPER: Community Assessments for Public Health Emergency Response; CDC BRFSS: Centre for Disease Control and Prevention’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; RMA: Revised Manifest Anxiety; BDS: Birleson Depression Inventory; PTSD-RI: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index; SDQ: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire; CDI: Composite International Diagnostic Interview; PM2.5: particulate matter 2.5 microns; PM10: particulate matter 10 microns; WEQ: Wildfire Experience Questionnaire; CRIES-13: Children’s Revised Impact of Event Scale; DSRS: Depression Self-Rating Scale; TSQ: Trauma Screening Questionnaire; GADS: Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale; FIQ: Fire Impact Questionnaire; PTCI: Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory; BAI: Beck Anxiety Inventory: BDI-II: Beck Depression Inventory-II; PILL: Pennebaker Inventory of Limbic Languidness; PDI: Perinatal Depression Inventory; PDEQ: Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire; SSQ: Social Support Questionnaire; PTSD-RI-R: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index for Children-Revised; SCS: Self-Compassion Scale; MAAS: Mindful Attention Awareness Scale. #—Number.