Table 1.
LAB EPSs isolated from fermented beverages.
EPS Type | EPS Structure | Species | Niche | Implicated Genes | Consequences/Role of EPS | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
homopolysaccharides | β-glucan | Oenococcus oeni | wine, cider | gtf | ropy character, stress resistance | [17,18,19] |
β-glucan | Pediococcus damnosus | cider | gtf | ropy character | [17,20,21,22,23] | |
β-glucan | Pediococcus parvulus | cider, wine | gtf | ropy character, stress resistance | [18,23] | |
β-glucan | Pediococcus ethanolidurans | cider | - | ropy character | [24] | |
β-glucan | Pediococcus claussenii | beer | gtf | ropy character | [25,26] | |
β-glucan | Lactobacillus brevis | beer | gtf2 | ropy character, ethanol tolerance, biofilm formation | [26,27] | |
β-glucan | Lactobacillus diolivorans | cider | gtf | - | [17] | |
β-glucan | Lactobacillus suebicus | cider | gtf | ropy character | [28,29] | |
β-glucan | Lactobacillus spp. | cider | - | ropy character | [30] | |
a-glucan | Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, Weissella confusa | beer | dsr | increased viscosity | [31] | |
dextran | Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides | homemade wine | - | - | [32] | |
glucan and fructan | Leuconostoc mesenteroides | grape must and wine | Glucosyltransferase gene | more or less mucoid strains | [33] | |
dextran and levan | Oenococcus oeni | wine | dsrO and levO | lyoprotective ability to freeze-drying process | [15,34,35] | |
heteropolysaccharides | glucose, galactose, rhamnose | Oenococcus oeni | wine | eps cluster | aromatic complexity, biofilm formation, capsule, lyoprotective ability to freeze-drying | [15,34,35,36] |
glucose, galactose, galactofuranose | Lactobacillus suebicus | cider | gtf | ropy character | [28,29] | |
glucose, galactose, N-acetyl-glucosamine, phosphate | Lactobacillus suebicus | cider | eps cluster | ropy character | [37] | |
glucose, galactose, glucosamine | Pediococcus ethanolidurans | cider | - | ropy character | [24] |