Table 1.

Antidiabetic activity and the effect of magnolol on the basic parameters of oxidative stress in in vitro studies.

Model Line	Effect	Magnolol Dosage	Reference
Parameters of Glucose and Insulin Homeostasis
Human retinal pigment epithelial cells ARPE-19 + high glucose concentration	decrease in glucose level	0.5–5 μg/mL pretreatment	[44]
Rat pancreatic β-cells RINm5F cells + MGO	increase in insulin secretion	0.01–1.0 µM pretreatment	[35]
α-glucosidase inhibition activity assay	decrease in α-glucosidase activity	magnolol 1.5 μM dimeric neolignan derivatives 1.5 μM	[31]
Enzymatic assay for PTP1B	decrease in PTP1B activity	1–250 μM	[43]
3T3-L1 preadipocytes + primary polyclonal antibodies anti-PPARγ	increase in mRNA of PPARγ expression	5, 10, 20 μM preatreatment	[14]
3T3-L1 adipocytes	increase in GLUT 1, GLUT 4 and GLUT 4 protein expression, increase in mRNA of PPARγ expression and in glucose uptake	10 μM	[13]
Murine 3T3-F442A and human subcutaneous adipocytes	increase in glucose uptake	30 μM	[10]
Parameters Related to Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Molecules Glycation
3T3-L1 preadipocytes + carboxy-H2 DCFDA fluorescent stain	increase in SOD and CAT activity	5, 10, 20 μM pretreatment	[14]
Rat pancreatic β-cells RINm5F cells + MGO	increase in GPx activity, decrease in IL-1β level	0.01–1.0 µM pretreatment	[35]
Human retinal pigment epithelial cells ARPE-19 + high glucose concentration	decrease in MDA level	0.5–5 μg/mL	[44]
Human gingival fibroblasts + (AGE)-BSA	decrease in AGEs, IL-6 and IL-8 levels	2.5, 5, 10 mM	[45]