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. 2021 Sep 25;17:315. doi: 10.1186/s12917-021-03016-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra for pure metformin, blank microparticles and metformin-loaded microparticles scanned between 5–80° at 5θ. Pure metformin (blue curve) displayed sharp, high-intensity peaks typical of the crystalline drug. The XRD curve of blank PLA microparticles (red curve) shows two very intense peaks characteristic of its semi-crystalline structure. On the other hand, microencapsulation of metformin into the PLA microparticles (green curve) suppressed the sharp peaks of the drug, indicating its amorphous nature in the microparticles