Table 1.

The MCR toward 5a, catalyzed by different enzymes ^[a].

Entry	Catalyst	T (°C)	Solvent	Yield [%] e
1	None	40	cyclohexane	4
2	Porcine pancreas lipase (PPL)	40	cyclohexane	31
3	Porcine pancreas lipase (PPL)	40	H2O	49
4	Porcine pancreas lipase (PPL)	40	EtOH	83
5	Porcine pancreas lipase (PPL)	40	MeCN	52
6	Porcine pancreas lipase (PPL)	40	DMF	24
7	Porcine pancreas lipase (PPL)	40	DMSO	33
8	Porcine pancreas lipase (PPL)	50	EtOH	75
9	Porcine pancreas lipase (PPL) b	40	EtOH	80
10	Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase (PFL)	40	cyclohexane	11
11	Candida rugosa lipase (CRL)	40	cyclohexane	16
12	Candida cylindracea lipase (CCL)	40	cyclohexane	18
13	Novozym 435	40	cyclohexane	4
14	Bovine serum albumin (BSA)	40	cyclohexane	8
15	Pig liver acetone powder (PLAP) c	40	cyclohexane	14
16	Denatured PPL d	40	cyclohexane	6

^a Reaction conditions: 4-cyanobenzaldehyde (1 mmol), malononitrile (2 mmol) and 4-methylthiophenol, and enzyme (100 mg) in solvent (2 mL) for 18 h, 200 rpm. ^b PPL (120 mg), ^c Domestically prepared. ^d Thermally deactivated. ^e Yield of the isolated product 5a, [29,36].