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. 2021 Sep 17;22(18):10027. doi: 10.3390/ijms221810027

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Metformin and DCA effectively induced apoptosis in liver cancer cells. HepG2 and PLC/PRF5 cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of metformin and DCA for 24 h. (A) Cytotoxicity of metformin on liver cancer cells significantly increased at a higher concentration compared to the control. (B) Cytotoxicity of DCA on liver cancer cells significantly increased at a higher concentration compared to the control. (C) Cytotoxicity of metformin and DCA on liver cancer cells significantly increased at higher concentrations compared to the control: the combination index values for the combination of metformin and DCA were 0.63 and 0.58 for HepG2 and for PLC/PRF5 cells, respectively. (D) Expression of cleaved PARP significantly increased when liver cancer cells were treated with metformin and DCA compared to each treatment alone. The bottom panel shows relative band density. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; and *** p < 0.001.