Functional characterization of MdMa11. (A) Differences in the methylation of the MdMa11 promoter in the CHH context between ‘HC’ and ‘QG’ mature fruits. (B) Tonoplast localization of the MdMa11-GFP fusion protein in vacuoles, which were obtained after transiently transformed N. benthamiana protoplasts were lysed. Bars represent 10 μm. (C) Transiently transformed tobacco leaves. CK represents tobacco leaves transformed with the empty vector, whereas T1, T2, and T3 represent tobacco leaves transformed with MdMa11. (D) Analysis of MdMa11 expression in tobacco leaves transiently transformed with the empty vector (CK) or MdMa11 (T1, T2, and T3) based on RT-PCR data. (E) Analysis of the pH of tobacco leaves transiently transformed with the empty vector (CK) or MdMa11 (T1, T2, and T3). Double asterisks (**) indicate significant differences in the pH of tobacco leaves transiently transformed with the empty vector (CK) or MdMa11 (T1, T2, and T3) (t-test, p < 0.01).