Figure 1.

Molecular mechanisms of the deleterious effects of myocardial reperfusion injury and proposed target of combined antioxidant therapy: Apaf1, apoptosis protease-activating factor-1; ARE, antioxidant response element; CAT, catalase; Cyt C, cytochrome c; DFO, deferoxamine; DMT1, divalent metal transporter 1; GPX, glutathione peroxidase; GSH, reduced glutathione; GSSG, oxidized glutathione; KEAP1, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1; LTCC, L-type calcium channel; LOH, lipid alcohols; NAC, N-acetyl-L-cysteine; NCOA4, nuclear receptor coactivator 4; Nrf2, nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2; NOX, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SOD, superoxide dismutase; Tf, transferrin; TfR1, transferrin receptor protein 1; Vit C, vitamin C; XO, xanthine oxidase.