Table 5.

Key findings of the included studies.

ID	Authors	Sample Size	Proportion of Malnutrition among Children with CP	Factors Related to Nutritional Status
1.	Mohamed et al., 2021 [11]	N = 400, CP: n = 43	Underweight: 7%. Overweight: 7%. Obese: 34.9%.	Positive association was found between dental caries and obesity among participating children.
2.	Al-Blowi et al., 2020 [12]	N = 119	Underweight: 84.9%. Overweight: 2.5%.	Underlying factors of undernutrition: feeding difficulty, and medical complications were found associated to malnutrition.
3.	Almuneef et al., 2019 [4]	N = 74	Malnourished: 55.4%. Thinness: 50.0%. Underweight: 28.4%. Stunting: 33.8%. Wasting: 25.0%.	Underlying factors of undernutrition: Age, cognitive impairment, anemia, and inadequate energy intake.
4.	Tomoum. et al., 2010 [13]	N = 80, CP: n = 40	Weight percentile < 10th: 14.3% among males, 15.8% among females. Weight percentile < 50th: 38.1% among males, 47.4% among females. Height percentile < 10th: 5.3% among females, 4.8% among males. Height percentile < 50th: 47.7% among males, 78.9% among females.	Overall, children with CP had significantly lower weight, height, head circumference, waist circumference and TST than children without CP. Underlying factors of undernutrition: Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level III-V and oro-motor dysfunction.
5.	Larin et al., 2007 [14]	N = 17, CP: n = 12	Thinness (i.e., BMI-for-age < 15th percentile): 75%. Overweight (i.e., BMI-for-age z-score 85th- < 97th percentile): 25%. Mean (SD) BMI-for-age z-score: 15.6 (3.5) kg/m2.	Not reported.
6.	Ibrahim et al., 2007 [15]	N = 151, CP: n = 71	Mean values; Stature (cm): diplegic—males 99.6, females 96.1; quadriplegic—males 92.0, females 92.0; hemiplegic—males 102.4, females 94.0. Weight (kg): diplegic—males 15.1, females 15; quadriplegic—males 12.6, females 11.2; hemiplegic—males 17.1, females 16.5. Head circumference (cm): diplegic—males 49.6, females 49.4; quadriplegic—males 45.7, females 46.3; hemiplegic—males 52.1, females 41.5. Arm circumference (cm): diplegic—males 17.2, females 17.0; quadriplegic—males 15.7, females 14.7; hemiplegic—males 18.0, females 16.3.	Overall, stature, weight, head circumference and MUAC of children with CP were significantly lower compared to the control groups. Weight was significantly associated with gross motor function.
7.	Al-Ghamdi et al., 2002 [16]	N = 111, CP: n = 41	Severely malnourished: 83%.	Not reported.