(a) Fluorescence-SERS QD-embedded silver bumpy nanoprobes, which have a SiO2@AgNS@SiO2@QD2@SiO2 structure. Forty-five different dual-modal nanoprobes were prepared from silica-coated silver bumpy nanoshells (AgNS@SiO2) with 15 different types of Raman label compounds and 3 types of QDs (red, green, and blue) [42]. (b) Mn-doped ZnS (ZnS:Mn) QDs combining dual ligands (oleylamine and octadecylamine), hydrophilic glutathione (GSH) ligands, and silica for biomedical application. Adapted with permission from ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2020, 3, 3, 3088–3096. Copyright 2020 American Chemical Society [49]. (c) Dual-functional nanoprobe composed of an iron oxide core surrounded by QD-embedded silica NPs [44]. (d) SiO2@QDs@PDA NPs for label-free, multiplexed detection of biological molecules [47].