Table 3.
Detailed parameters of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) from the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
| Reference | No. of Subjects | Outcomes Studied before and after Supplementation | Spirulina Group | Placebo/Non-Spirulina Group |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Martínez-Sámano et al., 2018 [15] |
n = 8 Spirulina, n = 8 placebo |
SBP (mmHg) before | 140.38 ± 9.04 | 140.75 ± 7.03 |
| SBP (mmHg) after | 126.50 ± 5.53 | 140.00 ± 6.05 | ||
| DBP (mmHg) before | 83.75 ± 5.31 | 84.25 ± 5.28 | ||
| DBP (mmHg) after | - | - | ||
| Miczke et al., 2016 [16] |
n = 40 Spirulina, n = 40 placebo |
SBP (mmHg) before | 149 ± 7 | 150 ± 7 |
| SBP (mmHg) after | 143 ± 9 | 151 ± 9 | ||
| DBP (mmHg) before | 84 ± 9 | 85 ± 9 | ||
| DBP (mmHg) after | 79 ± 9 | 86 ± 7 | ||
| Lee et al., 2008 [17] |
n = 19 Spirulina, n = 18 non-Spirulina |
SBP (mmHg) before | 130.7 ± 3.8 | 131.8 ± 4.0 |
| SBP (mmHg) after | 129.4 ± 2.7 | 133.4 ± 4.5 | ||
| DBP (mmHg) before | 84.0 ± 2.1 | 80.1 ± 2.5 | ||
| DBP (mmHg) after | 79.8 ± 2.1 | 83.5 ± 2.7 | ||
| Jensen et al., 2016 [18] |
n = 12 Spirulina (female F = 10, male M = 2), n = 12 placebo (F = 9, M = 3) |
SBP (mmHg) before | F 120.8 ± 15.3 M 113.5 ± 6.4 |
F 112.7 ± 8.9 M 131.7 ± 5.5 |
| SBP (mmHg) after | F 120 ± 15.8 M 114 ± 2.8 |
F 111.3 ± 9.9 M 127.7 ± 9.0 |
||
| DBP (mmHg) before | F 75.5 ± 12 M 75 ± 5.7 |
F 70.8 ± 9.1 M 75 ± 7 |
||
| DBP (mmHg) after | F 73.3 ± 11.6 M 73.5 ± 6.4 |
F 70.2 ± 9.6 M 75.3 ± 7.6 |
||
| Moradi et al., 2021 [19] |
n = 36 Spirulina, n = 37 placebo |
SBP (mmHg) before | 118.7 ± 9.0 | 117.8 ± 16.6 |
| SBP (mmHg) after | 118.3 ± 6.6 | 118.6 ± 4.8 | ||
| DBP (mmHg) before | 80.4 ± 5.6 | 79.7 ± 11.6 | ||
| DBP (mmHg) after | 80.6 ± 5.3 | 80.0 ± 4.7 |