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. 2021 Sep 12;11(9):619. doi: 10.3390/metabo11090619

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Identification of plasma metabolites changed by acute cold exposure and related to acclimatization level (IWS/ice-water swimming habit duration and/or frequency) and/or to metabolic health (BMI/body mass index, HOMA-IR/Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance, AI/atherogenic index), (A) presented in Venn diagram and (B) filtered to only those metabolites that are detected in humans according to The Human Metabolome Database. Acute cold-induced changes in levels of plasma metabolites were used in the associations, analyzed using Spearman’s correlation, shown are those with Spearman’s correlation coefficient (Rho) < −0.5 or > 0.5. All metabolites changed by cold exposure had p < 0.05 after Benjamini–Hochberg correction. n.s., not significant.