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. 2021 Sep 15;11(9):918. doi: 10.3390/jpm11090918

Table 3.

Adjusted associations between characteristics of nurses and QOL domains, depression, anxiety, and stress scores.

QOL Depression Anxiety Stress
Physical Health
β (95% CI)
p Psychological
β (95% CI)
p Social Relationships
β (95% CI)
p Environment
β (95% CI)
p β (95% CI) p β (95% CI) p β (95% CI) p
Age
20–30 Ref Ref Ref Ref Ref Ref Ref
31–40 −0.5 (−6.0, 4.9) 0.855 0.6 (−5.6, 6.8) 0.848 −3.4 (−10.9, 4.3) 0.386 −1.3 (−7.0, 4.3) 0.663 −0.6 (−2.3, 1.0) 0.427 −0.9 (−2.5, 0.8) 0.292 0.1 (−1.7, 2.0) 0.884
>40 4.9 (−5.9, 15.8) 0.376 10.0 (−3.1, 23.2) 0.146 3.4 (−12.2, 18.9) 0.677 8.6 (−2.4, 19.6) 0.137 −3.2 (−6.7, 0.4) 0.073 −2.8 (−5.9, 0.2) 0.079 −2.8 (−5.7, 0.2) 0.056
Gender
Female Ref Ref Ref Ref Ref Ref Ref
Male 3.1 (−2.1, 8.2) 0.272 −1.3 (−6.2, 3.5) 0.605 −3.4 (−11.4, 4.5) 0.392 −1.6 (−6.6, 3.4) 0.528 −0.2 (−1.8, 1.5) 0.852 −0.9 (−2.5, 0.7) 0.268 −1.5 (−3.2, 0.2) 0.107
Marital status
Single Ref Ref Ref Ref Ref Ref Ref
Married −0.5 (−6.7, 5.7) 0.871 0.1 (−6.7, 6.8) 0.990 10.8 (3.4, 18.2) 0.007 1.1 (−5.1, 7.3) 0.749 −0.7 (−2.3, 0.9) 0.445 −1.2 (−2.8, 0.5) 0.165 −1.6 (−3.5, 0.3) 0.086
Nursing experience
<4 years Ref Ref Ref Ref Ref Ref Ref
4–10 years −6.2 (−12.5, 0.1) 0.050 −3.7 (−9.7, 2.2) 0.186 −5.6 (−15.0, 3.8) 0.247 −3.8 (−10.0, 2.4) 0.209 1.8 (−0.2, 3.8) 0.073 0.8 (−0.9, 2.6) 0.379 1.5 (−0.5, 3.5) 0.141
>10 years −0.2 (−10.7, 10.2) 0.963 −9.6 (−21.7, 2.5) 0.110 −1.3 (−16.5, 13.9) 0.868 −6.8 (−16.8, 3.3) 0.195 2.7 (−0.9, 6.3) 0.134 2.5 (−0.7, 5.7) 0.119 1.5 (−1.0, 4.1) 0.221
Facility
Non-Covid-19 Ref Ref Ref Ref Ref Ref Ref
COVID-19 2.0 (−3.9, 7.8) 0.512 6.0 (−1.2, 13.2) 0.098 8.8 (−0.3, 17.9) 0.068 5.4 (−1.5, 12.2) 0.146 −0.2 (−2.5, 2.1) 0.865 1.2 (−0.8, 3.2) 0.241 0.6 (−1.5, 2.7) 0.555

QOL = Quality of life; β = Regression coefficient; CI = Confidence interval; Ref = Reference category; p = p-value.