Table 2.
Clinical examination, photography, and patients’ LDI findings on days 0, 3 and 14 of admission.
| Patients | Day of or 1 Day after Admission | Three Days after Admission | Approximately 2 Weeks after Admission | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical/Photographic Findings | LDI Findings | Clinical/Photographic Findings | LDI Findings | Clinical/Photographic Findings | LDI Findings | |
| Patient 1 | Cyanotic change of the L nasal ala and the L upper lip | L nasal alar area partial perfusion injury | Few gangrenous changes of the L nasal ala | No perfusion defect | Few scars on and PIH of the L nasal ala | NA |
| Patient 2 | Cyanotic change of bilateral nasal ala and nasal tip | R nasal alar perfusion defect | Gangrenous change of the R nasal ala and few cyanotic changes of L nasal ala and nasal tip | No perfusion defect | Few scars on and PIH of the R cheek | NA |
| Patient 3 | Cyanotic change of the nasal tip, R nasal ala, R NLF, R mouth angle/R upper and lower lips, R glabellar region | R nasal ala, R NLF, R lower lip partial perfusion defect | Cyanotic change of the R nasal ala, R mouth angle/right upper and lower lips | R nasal alar perfusion defect | R alar eschar | No perfusion over R nasal ala |
| Patient 4 | Ischemic change of the nasal tip/bilateral nasal ala/dorsum and R glabellar region | R and L nasal alar area perfusion defects | Ischemic change of the nasal tip/dorsum, gangrenous change of bilateral nasal ala | NA | NA | NA |
| Patient 5 | Cyanotic changes and swelling of the upper and lower lips | NA | R oral ulcer (MBD) | No perfusion defect | Healing R oral ulcer | NA |
| Patient 6 | R cheek skin necrosis | R cheek spot perfusion deformity | Healing skin necrosis of the R cheek | R cheek spot perfusion deformity disappeared compared with 2 days prior | Few scars on and PIH of the R cheek | NA |
| Patient 7 | Cyanotic changes of the nasal tip and columella | NA | Few cyanotic changes and swelling of nasal tip | No perfusion defect | Minimal scar and PIH on nasal tip | NA |
| Patient 8 | Cyanotic changes of the right nasal ala and right NLF | Right nasal ala and right NLF perfusion defect | Few cyanotic changes of the right nasal alar and right NLF | No perfusion defect | Few PIH on right nasal ala | NA |
| Patient 9 | Ischemic changes of the bilateral nasal ala, nasal tip, right NLF, and upper lip | Bilateral nasal ala, nasal tip, right NLF, and upper lip perfusion defect | Gangrene changes of the bilateral nasal ala, nasal tip, right NLF, and upper lip | NA | Gangrene changes of the bilateral nasal ala, nasal tip, right NLF, and upper lip | NA |
| Patient 10 | Cyanotic changes of left forehead, left temporal fossa, and left preauricular region. Left upper eyelid ptosis | Left forehead, left temporal fossa, and left preauricular region perfusion defect | Cyanotic changes of left forehead, left temporal fossa, and left preauricular region. Left upper eyelid ptosis | NA | Few PIH on left forehead, left temporal fossa, and left preauricular region. | NA |
| Patient 11 | Cyanotic changes of the bilateral nasal ala, nasal tip, and left NLF | NA | Few cyanotic changes of the bilateral nasal ala and nasal tip | Bilateral nasal ala and nasal tip perfusion defect | Few PIH on nasal tip | NA |
| Patient 12 | Cyanotic changes of the left nasal ala and left NLF | No perfusion defect | Few cyanotic changes of the left nasal ala and left NLF | NA | Few PIH on left nasal ala and left NLF | NA |
| Patient 13 | Cyanotic changes of the nasal tip, left nasal ala, left nasal dorsum, and left NLF | Left nasal ala, nasal tip, and left nasal dorsum perfusion defect | Few cyanotic changes and swelling of the nasal tip, left nasal ala, left nasal dorsum, and left NLF | No perfusion defect | Few PIH on left nasal ala and nasal tip | NA |
LDI: laser Doppler imaging; MBD: may be discharged; NA: not available; NLF: nasolabial fold; PIH: post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation; R and L: right and left, respectively.