| DEA | Data Envelopment Analysis; |
| SFA | Stochastic Frontier Analysis; |
| BCC | Banker, Charnes, and Cooper model; |
| CCR | Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes model; |
| SBM | slack-based measure model; |
| SE-SBM | super efficiency slack-based measure model; |
| ESDA | Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis; |
| DMUs | Decision-making units; |
| TFPCH | Total Factor Productivity Change index; |
| EFFCH | Technical Efficiency Change index; |
| TECHCH | Technical Change index; |
| VRS | variable returns to scale; |
| PECH | Pure Efficiency Change index; |
| SECH | Scale Efficiency Change index; |
| LISA | Local Indicator of Spatial Association; |