Table 1.
Efficacy of dupilumab in asthma.
| Authors | Population | Summary of Outcomes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DUPILUMAB | Wenzel et al. [41] | 104 adults with persistent, moderate-to-severe asthma who used ICS and LABAs, characterized by elevated blood (≥300 cells/µL) and sputum eosinophil levels (≥3%). | ↓ asthma exacerbations rate and β-agonist use, improved FEV1, ACQ5 score, and asthma symptoms. ↓ levels of FENO, serum IgE, plasma eotaxin-3, and TARC. |
| Wenzel et al. [42] | 769 patients with uncontrolled persistent asthma on medium-to-high-dose ICS plus a LABA | Improvement of FEV1 in patients with blood eosinophils (≥ 300 cells/µL) and higher ICS dose therapy. | |
| Castro et al. [43] | 1900 patients with uncontrolled asthma | Highest efficacy in patients with elevated blood eosinophils (≥150 cells/µL) and FENO (≥25 ppb): preventing asthma exacerbations and improving FEV1. | |
| Busse et al. [44] | 1902 patients characterized by uncontrolled, moderate-to-severe asthma who were receiving continuous treatment with ICS plus one or two other asthma controller medications | Improvement in lung function, quality of life, asthma control, and severe exacerbation rate. | |
| Rabe et al. [45] | 210 severe asthmatic patients who used OCS to maintain control of asthma | ↓ OCS use without loss of asthma control, ↓ asthma exacerbation rate, and lung function improvement. Asthmatics with higher blood eosinophils (≥300 cells/µL) had ↓ of exacerbations (71%) | |
| Corren et al. [46] | 1902 uncontrolled moderate-to-severe asthmatics: 1083, allergic asthma and 819 non-allergic asthma. | ↓ annualized rate of severe asthma exacerbations, serum IgE concentrations, and FENO levels and improved ACQ5 score and FEV1 in allergic asthmatic group with IgE levels IgE ≥700 UI/mL. In allergic moderate-to-severe asthmatics, dupilumab determined better clinical outcomes and decreased levels of specific T2 inflammatory biomarkers. | |
| Bourdin et al. [40] | 465 asthmatics who used high (>1000 μg/day)- or medium (500–1000 μg/day)-dose ICS plus LABA; and patients of QUEST study [43] | ↓ severe asthma exacerbation rate and improved asthma control and FEV1. Patients with a high baseline concentration of at least one T2 biomarker, such as FENO (≥25ppb) and blood eosinophil counts (≥150 or ≥300 cells/µL), had a better outcome in lung function. | |
| Dupin et al. [47] | 64 uncontrolled severe asthma patients | ↑ asthma control, FEV1, and a reduction of the OCS dose intake. | |
| Mümmler et al. [48] | 38 severe asthmatics treated previously with other biologic therapies without achieving a better clinical response | Asthmatics had improvement when switched from omalizubam, benralizumab, or mepolizumab to dupilumab. After 3 to 6 months of treatment: ↑ asthma control, lung function, and ↓ exacerbation rate and FENO and IgE levels. |
ICS: inhaled corticosteroids; LABA: long-acting beta-agonists; OCS: oral corticosteroids; TARC: serum thymus and activation-regulated chemokine; ↓: reduction; ↑: improvement.