Table 4.
Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (Spearman’s rho) for fatty acids, fatty acids families, homeostasis, and enzyme indexes with the clinical and clinicopathological characteristics of dogs affected by chronic enteropathy. EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; SFA, saturated fatty acid; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; BCS, Body Condition Score; CCECAI, Canine Chronic Enteropathy Clinical Activity Index; and CRP, C-reactive protein.
| Fatty Acids | BCS | CCECAI | CRP | Folate | Cobalamin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Palmitic Acid | 0.029 | 0.051 | 0.313 | −0.119 | −0.128 |
| Stearic Acid | 0.092 | 0.222 | −0.018 | −0.138 | −0.035 |
| Palmitoleic Acid | 0.095 | 0.031 | 0.075 | 0.107 | −0.020 |
| Oleic Acid | −0.031 | 0.245 | 0.183 | −0.355 * | −0.148 |
| Vaccenic Acid | −0.044 | 0.223 | 0.222 | −0.347 * | −0.362 * |
| Linoleic Acid | −0.165 | −0.144 | −0.013 | 0.177 | 0.125 |
| Dihomo-gamma-linolenic Acid | −0.103 | 0.021 | −0.067 | −0.241 | −0.206 |
| Arachidonic Acid | −0.004 | −0.186 | −0.207 | 0.309 | 0.166 |
| EPA | 0.06 | −0.241 | −0.194 | 0.142 | 0.080 |
| DHA | 0.125 | −0.011 | −0.101 | 0.147 | −0.108 |
| Fatty Acid Families | |||||
| Total SFAs | 0.126 | 0.195 | 0.193 | −0.234 | −0.013 |
| Total MUFAs | −0.022 | 0.222 | 0.146 | −0.365 * | −0.204 |
| ω-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids | −0.097 | −0.300 * | −0.229 | 0.330 * | 0.181 |
| ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids | 0.134 | −0.185 | −0.079 | 0.171 | −0.032 |
| Total PUFAs | −0.077 | −0.283 | −0.276 | 0.369 * | 0.128 |
| Homeostasis Indexes | |||||
| SFA/MUFA | 0.097 | −0.116 | −0.0114 | 0.249 | 0.116 |
| ω-6/ω-3 | −0.125 | 0.142 | 0.0578 | −0.112 | 0.069 |
| PUFA Balance | 0.125 | −0.142 | −0.0578 | 0.112 | −0.069 |
| Unsaturation Index | −0.01 | −0.250 | −0.275 | 0.317 | 0.106 |
| Peroxidation Index | 0.064 | −0.250 | −0.232 | 0.319 | 0.087 |
| Enzyme indexes | |||||
| Elongase-6 activity | −0.04 | 0.081 | −0.147 | −0.099 | 0.021 |
| Delta-6 desaturase activity | 0.001 | 0.107 | −0.074 | −0.340 * | −0.358 * |
| Delta-5 desaturase activity | 0.087 | −0.042 | 0.043 | 0.327 * | 0.235 |
| Delta-9 desaturase activity | −0.059 | 0.026 | 0.114 | −0.128 | −0.034 |
* Statistical significance at 0.05 level Saturated Fatty Acids (Total SFAs) = % C16:0 + % C18:0; Monounsaturated Fatty Acids (Total MUFAs) = % C16:1 + % 9c, C18:1 + % 11c, C18:1; ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids = %EPA + %DHA; ω-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids = %LA + %DGLA + %ARA; Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) = %LA + %DGLA + %ARA + %EPA + %DHA; SFA/MUFA = (% C16:0 + % C18:0)/(% C16:1 + % 9c, C18:1 + % 11c, C18:1); ω-6/ω-3 ratio = (%LA + %DGLA + %ARA)/ (%EPA + %DHA); PUFA balance = [(%EPA + %DHA)/Total PUFAs] × 100; Unsaturation index (UI) = (%MUFA × 1) + (%LA × 2) + (%DGLA × 3) + (%ARA × 4) + (%EPA × 5) + (%DHA × 6); Peroxidation index (PI) = (%MUFA × 0.025) + (%LA × 1) + (%DGLA × 2) + (%ARA × 4) + (%EPA × 6) + (%DHA × 8); Elongase-6 activity (EI) = C18:0/C16:0; Delta-9 desaturase activity (D9DI) = 9c, C18:1/C18:0; Delta-6 desaturase activity (D6DI) = C20:3/C18:2; and Delta-5 desaturase (D5DI) = C20:4/C20:3.