Table 1.
Industrial chicory and witloof extracts used in the bioactivity assays.
| STL (µg/mg Extract) * | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Code | Raw Material | Method | 11β,13-Dihydrolactucin | Lactucin | 11β,13-Dihydrolactucopicrin | Lactucopicrin |
| Wit_H2O | Freeze-dried witloof | Water extract (solid–liquid extraction, S-L) | 2.13 | 2.08 | 1.07 | 2.23 |
| Wit_EtOAc | Freeze-dried witloof | Ethyl acetate extract (S-L extraction) | 0.86 | 1.35 | 1.18 | 3.17 |
| Ci_H2O | Fresh chicory | Water extract (S-L extraction) | 0.48 | 1.13 | 0.39 | 1.76 |
| Ci_EtOAc | Fresh chicory | Ethyl acetate extract (S-L extraction) | 4.81 | 8.09 | 3.18 | 26.88 |
| Ci_SFE | Freeze-dried chicory | Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) | 36.31 | 109.31 | 19.50 | 262.19 |
| Ci_SFEopt | Freeze-dried chicory | Optimized SFE | 170.19 | 257.59 | 55.62 | 271.04 |
| Ci_SFEpur | Freeze-dried chicory | SFE fraction purified by flash column chromatography ** | - | - | - | - |
* Approximate quantification by using external calibration curves of commercially available standards (n ≥ 2). ** Composed only of a mixture of 8-deoxylactucin and 11β,13-dihydro-8-deoxylactucin.