Figure 1.

The role of the Malate-aspartate shuttle in the cardiomyocytes metabolism. The scheme represents the transport of the reducing equivalents from the cytoplasm to mitochondria in the heart, through mobilization of metabolites participating in the malate-aspartate shuttle. Abbreviations (enzymes): aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Aspartate aminotransferase, GDH, Glutamic dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase (MDH), malate dehydrogenase, PC, Pyruvate carboxylase, PDH, Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.