Table 2.
Distribution of behaviors of nonadherence to medication according to demographic variables, lifestyle habits, sleep condition, physical/mental health awareness, and medication status.
| Variables | Medication Nonadherence Behaviors * | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forgetting to Take Medication | Reducing Medication Dose | Discontinuing Medication | ||||
| No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | |
| Age, years | ||||||
| <65 | 80 (61.1) | 51 (38.9) | 121 (93.1) | 9 (6.9) | 117 (89.3) | 14 (10.7) |
| ≥65 | 89 (85.6) | 15 (14.4) | 92 (89.3) | 11 (10.7) | 98 (94.2) | 6 (5.8) |
| p-value | <0.001 | 0.351 | 0.240 | |||
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 90 (83.3) | 18 (16.7) | 99 (92.5) | 8 (7.5) | 99 (91.7) | 9 (8.3) |
| Male | 80 (61.5) | 50 (38.5) | 116 (89.9) | 13 (10.1) | 117 (90.0) | 13 (10.0) |
| p-value | <0.001 | 0.647 | 0.823 | |||
| Education, years | ||||||
| ≤9 | 69 (79.3) | 18 (20.7) | 76 (88.4) | 10 (11.6) | 80 (92.0) | 7 (8.0) |
| 10–12 | 43 (63.2) | 25 (36.8) | 63 (94.0) | 4 (6.0) | 64 (94.1) | 4 (5.9) |
| >12 | 57 (69.5) | 25 (30.5) | 76 (92.7) | 6 (7.3) | 71 (86.6) | 11 (13.4) |
| p-value | 0.081 | 0.411 | 0.252 | |||
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | 134 (76.6) | 41 (23.4) | 154 (88.5) | 20 (11.5) | 157 (89.7) | 18 (10.3) |
| Other | 36 (58.1) | 26 (41.9) | 61 (98.4) | 1 (1.6) | 58 (93.5) | 4 (6.5) |
| p-value | 0.008 | 0.018 | 0.454 | |||
| Physical health awareness | ||||||
| Normal/Good | 149 (71.0) | 61 (29.0) | 192 (91.9) | 17 (8.1) | 192 (91.4) | 18 (8.6) |
| Poor | 21 (75.0) | 7 (25.0) | 23 (85.2) | 4 (14.8) | 24 (85.7) | 4 (14.3) |
| p-value | 0.824 | 0.275 | 0.305 | |||
| Mental health awareness | ||||||
| Normal/Good | 136 (71.2) | 55 (28.8) | 174 (92.1) | 15 (7.9) | 176 (92.1) | 15 (7.9) |
| Poor | 34 (72.3) | 13 (27.7) | 41 (87.2) | 6 (12.8) | 40 (18.5) | 7 (14.9) |
| p-value | 1.00 | 0.388 | 0.159 | |||
| Sleeping time | ||||||
| >7 h a day | 90 (69.2) | 40 (30.8) | 124 (96.1) | 5 (3.9) | 120 (92.3) | 10 (7.7) |
| <7 h a day | 69 (73.4) | 25 (26.6) | 80 (86.0) | 13 (14.0) | 84 (89.4) | 10 (10.6) |
| Insomnia | 10 (76.9) | 3 (23.1) | 10 (76.9) | 3 (23.1) | 11 (84.6) | 2 (15.4) |
| p-value | 0.713 | 0.006 | 0.557 | |||
| Exercise | ||||||
| No | 53 (67.1) | 26 (32.9) | 72 (92.3) | 6 (7.7) | 70 (88.6) | 9 (11.4) |
| Yes | 117 (73.6) | 42 (26.4) | 143 (90.5) | 15 (9.5) | 146 (91.8) | 13 (8.2) |
| p-value | 0.361 | 0.809 | 0.478 | |||
| Smoking | ||||||
| No | 150 (73.5) | 54 (26.5) | 181 (89.6) | 21 (10.4) | 187 (91.7) | 17 (8.3) |
| Yes | 20 (58.8) | 14 (41.2) | 34 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 29 (85.3) | 5 (14.7) |
| p-value | 0.100 | 0.051 | 0.216 | |||
| Alcohol | ||||||
| No | 136 (76.0) | 43 (24.0) | 162 (91.5) | 15 (8.5) | 166 (92.7) | 13 (7.3) |
| Yes | 34 (57.6) | 25 (42.4) | 53 (89.8) | 6 (10.2) | 50 (84.7) | 9 (15.3) |
| p-value | 0.012 | 0.792 | 0.074 | |||
| Compliance with low oil/sugar/sodium diet | ||||||
| Never | 17 (68.0) | 8 (32.0) | 24 (96.0) | 1 (4.0) | 21 (84.0) | 4 (16.0) |
| Often | 65 (67.7) | 31 (32.3) | 85 (90.4) | 9 (9.6) | 87 (90.6) | 9 (9.4) |
| Always | 88 (75.2) | 29 (24.8) | 106 (90.6) | 11 (9.4) | 108 (92.3) | 9 (7.7) |
| p-value | 0.446 | 0.660 | 0.428 | |||
| Use of dietary supplements | ||||||
| No | 82 (71.3) | 33 (28.7) | 107 (93.9) | 7 (6.1) | 108 (93.9) | 7 (6.1) |
| Yes | 88 (72.1) | 34 (27.9) | 107 (88.4) | 14 (11.6) | 107 (87.7) | 15 (12.3) |
| p-value | 1.00 | 0.173 | 0.119 | |||
| Number of drugs | ||||||
| ≤3 | 97 (68.8) | 44 (31.2) | 129 (91.5) | 12 (8.5) | 124 (87.9) | 17 (12.1) |
| >3 | 70 (76.9) | 21 (23.1) | 81 (91.0) | 8 (9.0) | 86 (94.5) | 5 (5.5) |
| p-value | 0.231 | 1.00 | 0.112 | |||
| Number of Medication doses per day | ||||||
| 1 | 112 (70.9) | 46 (29.1) | 148 (94.3) | 9 (5.7) | 146 (92.4) | 12 (7.6) |
| >1 | 58 (72.5) | 22 (27.5) | 67 (84.8) | 12 (15.2) | 70 (87.5) | 10 (12.5) |
| p-value | 0.880 | 0.027 | 0.240 | |||
* Data are shown as n (%). All comparisons were performed using the chi-square test.