Table 1.
List of cholesterol-lowering drugs, their targets and cellular function with emphasize on particular statin type.
| Drug | Target | Function | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Statins (in general) |
HMGCR | Reduces HMG-CoA to mevalonate | [143] |
| Atorvastatin | SLCO2B1 | Androgen transporting gene (uptake) | [139] |
| DNAJA1 | Cochaperone protein (protects mut p53 form degradation) | [143] | |
| Pravastatin | SLCO2B1 | Androgen transporting gene (uptake) | [139] |
| Fatostatin | SCAP | SREBP2 and SREBP1 maturation | [145] |
| Tubulin | Maintenance of microtubule organization | [145] | |
| Lovastatin | DNAJA1 | Cochaperone protein (protects mut p53 form degradation) | [143] |
| Mevastatin | DNAJA1 | Cochaperone protein (protects mut p53 form degradation) | [143] |
| Betulin | SCAP-INSIGN interaction |
SCAP/SREBP translocation | [147] |
| Xanthohumol | Sec23/24 (COPII vesicle) |
SCAP/SREBP translocation | [146] |
| Combination therapy | |||
| Statins + Dipyridamole (antiplatelet agent) |
Phosphodiesterase | Hydrolysis of cyclic nucleotides | [84,152] |
| Simvastin + enzalutamide (antiandrogen) |
AR | Activation of AR signaling pathway | [74] |
| Fatostatin + Docetaxel (chemotherapeutic agent) |
Tubulin | Maintenance of microtubule organization | [98,153] |