Table 1.

Comparative time response.

Functionalizing Material	tR/tD (s)	Reference
SiO2-TiO2	50/25	[21]
Polymethyl methacrylate	168/27	[39]
Silica sol-gel	180/30	[40]
Sulfonated polyimides	240/60	[41]
Sulfonated polystyrene	300/30	[42]
TiO2	190/100	[43]
Alginate–APTES	25/8	This work