Table 2.
Echocardiographic parameters of both groups.
| Stage A HF 1 N = 113 |
Stage B HF N = 49 |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Left atrial volume index (mL/m2) | 34.61 ± 9.62 | 42.92 ± 12.32 | <0.001 |
| Left ventricle EDVI 2 (mL/m2) | 54.22 ± 12.21 | 62.39 ± 19.79 | 0.009 |
| Left ventricle ESVI 3 (mL/m2) | 21.10 ± 5.69 | 23.64 ± 9.10 | 0.075 |
| Left ventricle EF 4, 2D (%) | 63.54 ± 6.58 | 63.92 ± 6.18 | 0.736 |
| Left ventricle mass index (g/m2) | 75.76 ± 17.56 | 104.45 ± 28.73 | <0.001 |
| Relative wall thickness | 0.28 ± 0.06 | 0.29 ± 0.07 | 0.201 |
| Peak GLS 5 (%) | −17.22 ± 3.06 | −18.04 ± 3.31 | 0.134 |
| Mitral valve E 6 velocity (cm/s) | 0.69 ± 0.19 | 0.74 ± 0.20 | 0.207 |
| Mitral valve A 7 velocity (cm/s) | 0.84 ± 0.23 | 0.96 ± 0.20 | 0.003 |
| Mitral valve deceleration time (ms) | 204.45 ± 64.00 | 201.50 ± 47.24 | 0.775 |
| Mitral valve E/A ratio | 1.28 ± 3.36 | 0.78 ± 0.21 | 0.306 |
| Tissue doppler septal S’ 8 (cm/s) | 6.28 ± 1.30 | 5.98 ± 1.12 | 0.177 |
| Tissue doppler septal E’ 9 (cm/s) | 5.98 ± 1.12 | 4.95 ± 1.37 | <0.001 |
| Septal E/E’ | 11.97 ± 3.74 | 15.26 ± 3.66 | <0.001 |
| TAPSE 10 (mm) | 22.46 ± 3.22 | 27.37 ± 34.28 | 0.307 |
1. HF: heart failure; 2 EDVI: end-diastolic volume index; 3 ESVI: end-systolic volume Index; 4 EF: ejection fraction; 5 GLS: global longitudinal strain; 6 E: early diastolic transmitral flow; 7 A: late diastolic transmitral flow; 8 E’: septal annulus mitral early diastolic tissue velocity; 9 S’: septal annulus mitral systolic tissue velocity; and 10 TAPSE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.