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. 2021 Sep 7;10(9):2346. doi: 10.3390/cells10092346

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Autophagic and lysosomal activities in siControl and siGDF-15 THP-1 MΦ. (a) Autophagic activity (%) in human THP-1 MΦ (siControl, siGDF-15, starvation) was determined using fluorescent Cell Meter™ Autophagy Assay Kit [OD333/518]. (b) Lysosomal activity (%) in human THP-1 MΦ (siControl, siGDF-15, starvation) was determined using LysoBrite™ Red [OD575/597]. n = 4–5 independent experiments. Data are presented as mean + SEM. nsiGDF-15 MΦ = 100%; (c–e) TEM of THP-1 MΦ. N, nucleus; black arrows: autophagic vacuoles/autolysosomes; black arrowhead: autophagosome. White scale bars: 5 µm; black scale bars: 1 µm.