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. 2021 Sep 17;10(9):928. doi: 10.3390/biology10090928

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Preclinical studies have revealed that pharmacological inhibition of sympathetic circuit plasticity, either through the use of high-dose gabapentin (GBP) or soluble TNFα inhibition, can reduce autonomic dysreflexia (AD) and improve splenic immune cell profile. Separately, studies have examined the modulation of gut microbiota, either through probiotic treatment or deletion of Pde4b, to improve microbiome composition after SCI, which in turn improves anti-inflammatory immune cell profile in gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALTs), like mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), and reduces circulating markers of inflammation. Created using BioRender.com accessed on 2 September 2021.