Table 2.

Classification frequencies of limited healthcare indicators for Black and white Alabamians with COPD, BRFSS, 2015–2019.

Healthcare Indicator	White			Black
Access to Health Insurance	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	p-value	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	p-value
Low Risk	1360 (99.34)	9 (0.66)	<0.0001	186 (100)	0 (0)	<0.0001
Intermediate Risk	1211 (98.06)	24 (1.94)		575 (96.48)	21 (3.52)
High Risk	135 (40.30)	200 (59.70)		5 (5.56)	85 (94.44)
Primary Care Physician	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	p-value	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	p-value
Low Risk	28 (2.05)	1341 (97.95)	<0.0001	31 (16.67)	155 (83.33)	<0.0001
Intermediate Risk	184 (55.09)	1208 (97.66)		11 (1.84)	586 (98.16)
High Risk	29 (2.34)	150 (44.91)		41 (45.56)	49 (54.44)
Afford Medical Costs	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	p-value	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	p-value
Low Risk	1198 (87.51)	171 (12.49)	<0.0001	106 (56.99)	80 (43.01)	<0.0001
Intermediate Risk	1030 (83.40)	205 (16.60)		494 (83.16)	100 (16.84)
High Risk	70 (20.96)	264 (79.04)		11 (12.22)	79 (87.78)
Check-Up in Past Year	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	p-value	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	p-value
Low Risk	1253 (92.47)	102 (7.53)	<0.0001	138 (75)	46 (25)	<0.0001
Intermediate Risk	1100 (90.53)	115 (9.47)		579 (97.64)	14 (2.36)
High Risk	105 (31.91)	224 (68.09)		47 (52.81)	42 (47.19)
Annual Flu Shot	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	p-value	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	p-value
Low Risk	1369 (100)	0 (0)	<0.0001	5 (2.87)	169 (97.13)	<0.0001
Intermediate Risk	142 (13.15)	938 (86.85)		336 (62.69)	200 (37.31)
High Risk	41 (13.23)	269 (86.77)		8 (9.88)	73 (90.12)
Pneumococcal Vaccine	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	p-value	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	p-value
Low Risk	778 (100)	0 (0)	<0.0001	12 (9.30)	117 (90.70)	<0.0001
Intermediate Risk	320 (45.58)	382 (54.42)		246 (84.54)	45 (15.46)
High Risk	67 (38.29)	108 (61.71)		16 (35.56)	29 (64.44)