Table 4.

Summary of the experimental studies that focused on the inactivation of microbes in apple juices using cold plasma, showing the types and conditions of the plasma treatment with the highest obtained antimicrobial effect.

Authors	Type of Apple Juice, Treated Volume	Plasma Source	Conditions of Treatment	Microorganism	Logarithmic Reduction	Ref.
Montenegro et al.	Generic supermarket brand, 0.8 mL	Pulsed in-liquid plasma system	Direct: 9000 V, f < 100 Hz, 4000 pulses	Escherichia coli O157:H7	7 log	[28]
Dasan et al.	Commercial clear juice, 11 mL	Atmospheric pressure plasma jet	Indirect: dry air (3000 L/h), 650 W, 120 s	Escherichia coli ATCC 25922	4 log	[24]
Liao et al.	Commercial juice, 3 mL	Dielectric barrier discharge plasma	Indirect: ambient air, 50 W, 30 s	mix of E.coli O157:H7, CICC 23429 and 10305	4.34 log	[31]
Surowsky et al.	Commercial juice (Granini), 2 mL	kINPen 09	Direct: Ar + 0.1% O2 (5 slm), 480 s	Citrobacter freundii	4.4 log	[25]
Xiang et al.	Commercial concentrated juice, 3 mL	Dielectric barrier discharge plasma	Direct: dry air, 90 W, 140 s	Zygosaccharomyces rouxii (GIM2.173)	5 log	[18]
Wang et al.	Commercially available juice, 500 mL	Gas-phase surface discharge plasma spray reactor	Indirect: dry air, 21.3 kV, 30 min	Zygosaccharomyces rouxii LB and IFO1130	6.8 log	[19]
Wang et al.	Commercial concentrated juice, 500 mL	Gas-phase surface discharge plasma spray reactor	Indirect: dry air (150 L/h), juice flow rate 9 L/h, 30 min	Zygosaccharomyces rouxii LB	5.6 log	[40]
Wang et al.	Commercial concentrated juice, 500 mL	Gas-phase surface discharge with active bubbling through liquid	Direct: dry air (150 L/h), 21 kV, 30 min	Zygosaccharomyces rouxii LB	5.6 log	[21]
Vukušić Pavičić et al	Commercial concentrated juice, 200 mL	Hybrid above and in-liquid (Ar 4 L/min) plasma	Direct: pre-heating to 40 °C, 120 Hz, 9 min	Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 204508	6.6 log	[30]
Tarabová et al.	Fresh squeezed juice, 5 mL	Transient spark with electrospray or above the liquid surface	Direct: ambient air, 5 mL/1 min, 1 kHz	E. coli ATCC 25922, S. cerevisiae S228C	5–6 log 1 log	This publication