Table 1.
School principals’ characteristics, their works, health, COVID-19 related information and health literacy, sense of coherence, and vaccine hesitancy.
| Variables | Total (n = 387) | COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | Mean ± SD | p-Value * | |
| Age, mean ± SD, 37–70 years | 52.9 ± 4.8 | ||
| Gender | 0.011 | ||
| Women | 136 (35.1) | 11.7 ± 2.8 | |
| Men | 251 (64.9) | 11.0 ± 2.6 | |
| School type | 0.020 | ||
| Primary school | 243 (62.8) | 11.1 ± 2.7 | |
| Junior high school | 77 (19.9) | 12.0 ± 2.7 | |
| Senior high school and vocational school | 58 (15.0) | 10.7 ± 2.5 | |
| School for special children | 9 (2.3) | 12.1 ± 2.5 | |
| School location | 0.359 | ||
| North | 117 (30.2) | 11.3 ± 2.7 | |
| Center | 127 (32.8) | 11.0 ± 2.6 | |
| South | 80 (20.7) | 11.5 ± 2.8 | |
| East | 38 (9.8) | 11.6 ± 2.5 | |
| Outlying islands | 25 (6.5) | 10.6 ± 2.4 | |
| School Size | 0.221 | ||
| ≤12 classes | 142 (36.7) | 11.5 ± 2.8 | |
| 13–24 classes | 71 (18.3) | 11.3 ± 2.7 | |
| 25–48 classes | 98 (25.3) | 10.8 ± 2.7 | |
| ≥49 classes | 76 (19.7) | 11.2 ± 2.4 | |
| Involving teaching | 0.341 | ||
| No | 281 (72.6) | 11.3 ± 2.7 | |
| Yes | 106 (27.4) | 11.0 ± 2.7 | |
| Weekly working hours, mean ± SD | 48.9 ± 14.9 | 0.857 | |
| <40 h | 32 (8.3) | 11.0 ± 3.1 | |
| 40 h | 56 (14.5) | 11.3 ± 2.6 | |
| >40 h | 299 (77.2) | 11.2 ± 2.6 | |
| Weekly working hours changes | 0.745 | ||
| Less than before the pandemic | 113 (29.2) | 11.4 ± 2.7 | |
| About the same | 205 (53.0) | 11.1 ± 2.6 | |
| More than before the pandemic | 69 (17.8) | 11.2 ± 2.8 | |
| General health status | 0.024 | ||
| Very bad or bad or moderate | 155 (40.1) | 11.6 ± 2.6 | |
| Good or very good | 232 (69.9) | 11.0 ± 2.7 | |
| Chronic health conditions | 0.583 | ||
| No | 237 (61.2) | 11.2 ± 2.8 | |
| Yes | 150 (38.8) | 11.3 ± 2.7 | |
| Physical limitation due to chronic conditions | 0.725 | ||
| Not limited | 279 (72.1) | 11.2 ± 2.6 | |
| Limited | 108 (27.9) | 12.3 ± 2.7 | |
| S-COVID-19-S | 0.552 | ||
| No | 246 (63.6) | 11.2 ± 2.7 | |
| Yes | 141 (36.4) | 11.3 ± 2.5 | |
| FCoV-19S | 17.5 ± 5.3 | ||
| Perceived stress, mean ± SD | 12.7 ± 4.5 | ||
| WHO-5 Wellbeing Index, mean ± SD | 69.5 ± 15.4 | ||
| Level of informing on COVID-19 related information | 0.246 | ||
| Insufficient/poor/fine informed | 44 (11.4) | 11.7 ± 3.3 | |
| Well or very well informed | 343 (88.6) | 11.2 ± 2.6 | |
| Level of confusion due to COVID-19 related information | 0.187 | ||
| Not at all or little confused | 351 (90.7) | 11.2 ± 2.6 | |
| Quite or very confused | 36 (9.3) | 11.8 ± 3.3 | |
| Level of concern about getting infected | 0.893 | ||
| Slightly concerned/not concerned at all | 129 (33.3) | 11.2 ± 2.6 | |
| Very concerned/concerned | 258 (66.7) | 11.2 ± 2.7 | |
| Perceived likelihood of getting infected | 0.849 | ||
| Not likely/definitely not | 159 (41.1) | 11.2 ± 2.7 | |
| Very likely/somewhat likely | 228 (58.9) | 11.2 ± 2.7 | |
| Sense of coherence, mean ± SD | 4.2 ± 1.1 | ||
| Coronavirus-related HL, mean ± SD | 3.2 ± 0.4 | ||
| Vaccine Hesitancy, mean ± SD | 11.2 ± 2.7 |
Abbreviations: COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; SD, standard deviation; S-COVID-19-S, suspected COVID-19 symptoms; FCoV-19S, fear of COVID-19; WHO, world health organization; HL, health literacy. * Results of one-way ANOVA test.