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. 2021 Sep 1;10(9):2279. doi: 10.3390/cells10092279

Table 1.

Fixed effects from linear models examining differences in sperm hook morphology across six Peromyscus species.

Response Model Term Estimate (SE) t Pr(>|t|)
Hook length Intercept 1.37 (0.46)
head length 0.60 (0.10) 6.20 <0.001
P. eremicus
P. gossypinus
P. californicus
P. leucopus
P. polionotus
0.46 (0.06)
0.21 (0.06)
0.04 (0.05)
−0.04 (0.06)
0.13 (0.06)
7.88
3.55
0.79
−0.67
2.16
<0.001
<0.001
0.432
0.505
0.033
Hook width Intercept 0.37 (0.10)
head width
P. eremicus
P. gossypinus
P. californicus
P. leucopus
P. polionotus
0.10 (0.03)
0.03 (0.01)
0.01 (0.02)
−0.02 (0.02)
0.00 (0.02)
−0.02 (0.01)
2.93
3.47
0.53
−0.97
0.04
−1.73
<0.01
<0.001
0.594
0.332
0.971
0.086
Hook area Intercept −0.08 (0.20)
head area
P. eremicus
P. gossypinus
P. californicus
P. leucopus
P. polionotus
0.11 (0.01)
0.29 (0.04)
0.21 (0.04)
0.20 (0.04)
0.18 (0.04)
0.16 (0.03)
7.47
8.17
4.91
5.50
4.19
5.13
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001

For each model, all rows are compared with the intercept—P. maniculatus. Significant results at the p < 0.05 level are bolded.