Figure 1.

The proliferation (A) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) secretion (B) of human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) subjected to 14 d of mechanical vibrations. HDPSCs were seeded at a density of 2 × 10⁴ cells/well in 6-well plates, and their proliferation was measured after 14 d by counting the viable cells. The growth of the cells was significantly inhibited by mechanical vibration (n = 3), and the 100 Hz mechanical vibration group showed higher levels of LDH production than the control (n = 6). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 (compared with the control).