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. 2021 Sep 1;13(9):3078. doi: 10.3390/nu13093078

Table 4.

Changes, Challenges and Barriers to Healthy Eating at School after the End of The Intervention (Intervention Arms 2- training with food subsidy).

Boys (Intervention 2-Rural) Girls (Intervention 2-Rural) Boys (Intervention 2-Urban) Girls (Intervention 2-Urban)
Changes in canteen Healthier changes
-use the coupon and take the foods provided.
-can save money and eat healthy food using coupon

Least/unhealthy changes
-no obvious changes in canteen
-should add more variety of food, fruits, vegetable
Healthier changes
- use the coupon and take the foods provided.

Least/unhealthy changes
-no obvious changes in canteen
-should reduce oil in cooking
-only take kuih and fruits that suitable to their taste
-vegetable dishes too salty
Healthier changes
-more food choice
-good programme
-use coupon provided

Least/unhealthy changes
-lack of hygiene
-not informed on free drink provided
-most did not take vegetables
Healthier changes
-increased in food variety
-increase of healthy food choices
- programme helps to practice habit of eating healthy

Least/unhealthy changes
-food oilier than previous canteen operator
-lack of hygiene
- not informed on free drink
-most take fruits and kuih than vegetable
Changes in convenience shop Healthier changes
-more food variety
-healthier option than canteen
-more mineral water/yogurt than SSBs
Least/unhealthy changes
-addition of ice-cream
-has both healthy and unhealthy food on sale
Healthier changes
-no changes

Least/unhealthy changes
-addition of ice-cream for sale
Healthier changes
-no changes

Least/ unhealthy changes
-no changes
Healthier changes
-no changes

Least/ unhealthy changes
-no changes
Changes in food habits -mostly think they eat healthily than before
-increased in likeness to vegetables, fruits and kuih
-changes in healthier food habits outside school
-increased in fruits and vegetables intake
-start to like to eat kuih, fruits and vegetable
-take healthier food during the programme -take healthier food during the programme
-continue to eat fruits after programme ended
Challenges faced during intervention -food too oily at canteen
-beverages too sweet
-healthy food is expensive
-dishes sold too oily, too salty or too spicy
-lack of fruits and vegetables in menu
-lack of variety in menu
-lack of food hygiene in canteen
-not satisfied with taste of food provided
-food too oily at canteen
-more choice of unhealthy food at canteen
-not satisfied with food taste in canteen
Barriers for future implementation -healthy food might be expensive -none -healthy food might be expensive
-concern on hygiene and cleanliness of food preparation
-healthy food might be expensive
-healthy food means decrease in portion size
-concern on cleanliness and hygiene of food preparation in canteen