2,4,5-T	2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
2-MIB	2-methylisoborneol
BaP	Benzo[a]pyrene
BPA	bisphenol A
BPDE	Benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-diol 9,10-Epoxide
Cd	cadmium
CNTs	carbon nanotubes
Co-NPs	cobalt nanoparticles
CuO NPs	copper oxide nanoparticles
DWCNTs	double-walled carbon nanotubes
DXR	Doxorubicin
EFSA	European Food Safety Authority
EMS	Ethyl methanesulfonate
ENU	N-nitroso N-ethylurea
H2O2	Hydrogen peroxide
HB cross	High bioactivation cross
LOH	Loss of heterozygosity
MMC	Mitomycin C
NaNO2	Sodium nitrite
NaNO3	Sodium nitrate
NCDs	non-communicable diseases
NiO-NPs	nickel-based nanoparticles
NNK	4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
NNN	N-Nitrosonornicotine
NOCs	N-nitroso compounds
PAHs	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
SMART	Somatic mutation and recombination test
SSRIs	selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
ST cross	Standard cross
SWNTs	single-walled carbon nanotubes
T2DM	type 2 diabetes mellitus
TiO2 NCs	Titanium dioxide nanocrystals
URE	Urethane