Table 2.
Descriptive statistics of included dogs with population sample characterization and blood parameters.
| Variable | ||
|---|---|---|
| Age | 4 (7–15 Years) | |
| Sex and Sexual Status |
100 Males 65 Females |
100 Intact Males |
| 33 Spayed Females, 32 Intact Females | ||
| Breed | Mixed-breed | 36 dogs (22%) |
| German Shepherd | 26 dogs (16%) | |
| Boxer | 8 dogs (5%) | |
| English Setter | 7 dogs (4%) | |
| Yorkshire Terrier | 6 dogs (3%) | |
| Jack Russell Terrier | 6 dogs (3%) | |
| Dachshund | 5 dogs (3%) | |
| Maltese | 5 dogs (3%) | |
| Border Collie | 4 dogs (2%) | |
| Pinscher | 4 dogs (2%) | |
| Rottweiler | 4 dogs (2%) | |
| Golden Retriever | 3 dogs (2%) | |
| Siberian Husky | 3 dogs (2%) | |
| Bernese Mountain Dog, Italian Bracco, Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, Chihuahua, Dobermann, Irish Setter, Labrador Retriever, Poodle, Pug, Springer Spaniel, Weimaraner and West Highland White Terrier | 2 dogs each breed | |
| Akita Inu, Great Dane, Australian Shepherd, Basenji, Beagle, Belgian Shepherd, Bichon Frise, Bolognese, Central Asian Shepherd, Cocker Spaniel, Cane Corso, Dogue de Bordeaux, English Bulldog, Lagotto Romagnolo, Parson Russell Terrier, Russian Toy, St. Bernard, Shih Tzu, Pitbull, Levriero Italiano, Spanish Galgo, Swiss Shepherd Dog, Vizsla and Italian Volpino | 1 dog each breed | |
| Body condition score | 4 (range 1–6) | BCS 1/9 → 1 dog (0.6%) |
| BCS 2/9 → 9 dogs (5.5%) | ||
| BCS 3/9 → 54 dogs (32.7%) | ||
| BCS 4/9 → 65 dogs (39.4%) | ||
| BCS 5/9 → 34 dogs (20.6%) | ||
| BCS 6/9 → 2 dogs (1.2%) | ||
| Total protein | 5.5 ± 1.3 g/dL | Hypoproteinaemia → 92 dogs (56%) |
| Albumin | 2.6 g/dL (range 0.7–4.4 g/dL) | Hypoalbuminaemia (PLE) → 84 dogs (51%) |
| Cholesterol | 152 mg/dL (range 54–428 mg/dL) | Hypocholesterolaemia → 42 dogs (25%) |
| C-reactive protein |
0.3 mg/dL (range 0–2.8 mg/dL) | ↑ CRP (>0.3 mg/dL) → 81 dogs (49%) |
| Endoscopic score | Endoscopic score 0–1 → 0 dogs | |
| Endoscopic score 2 → 66 dogs (40%) | ||
| Endoscopic score 3 → 99 dogs (60%) | ||
| Histopathological score | Histopathological score 1 → 11 dogs (7%) | |
| Histopathological score 2 → 108 dogs (65%) | ||
| Histopathological score 3 → 46 dogs (28%) | ||
| Histopathological lesions | Crypt distension | 115 dogs (70%) |
| Intraepithelial lymphocytes | 64 dogs (39%) | |
| Mucosal fibrosis | 45 dogs (27%) | |
| Lacteal dilatation | 62 dogs (39%) | |